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Gross expenditure on R&D (GERD), SCI publications in Science & Technology, and granted patents by WIPO in 2008.
| Country | GERD |
Publication |
WIPO patent |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M USD | Rank | Paper | Rank | Total | Rank | |
| China | 64,893 | 4 | 77,813 | 5 | 48,814 | 5 |
| Germany | 94,973 | 3 | 90,556 | 2 | 53,903 | 3 |
| Japan | 166,915 | 2 | 93,691 | 1 | 239,458 | 1 |
| UK | 47,621 | 6 | 78,520 | 4 | 12,232 | 9 |
| US | 397,721 | 1 | 85,049 | 3 | 147,245 | 2 |
