Table 4.
Perceived acceptance, usability, and usefulness of the electronic health records (EHR) technology by intensive care unit nurses (mean (SD))
| 3 months, n=121 | 12 months, n=160 | p Value | |
| EHR acceptance | |||
| Please check the box that best reflects your acceptance of the EHR: dislike very much and don't want to use (1)–like very much and eager to use (10) | 6.32 (2.33) | 6.91 (2.15) | 0.031* |
| Value of EHR usability | 49.82 (20.88) | 56.41 (20.55) | 0.009** |
| Learning to operate the system: difficult (1)–easy (10) | 5.95 (2.17) | 6.44 (2.20) | 0.064 |
| Exploring new features by trial and error: difficult (1)–easy (10) | 5.89 (2.28) | 6.31 (2.15) | 0.116 |
| Remembering names and use of commands: difficult (1)–easy (10) | 5.53 (2.26) | 5.90 (2.15) | 0.167 |
| Tasks can be performed in a straightforward manner: never (1)–always (10) | 5.36 (2.24) | 6.01 (2.16) | 0.015* |
| Help messages on screen: unhelpful (1)–helpful (10) | 4.80 (2.24) | 5.60 (2.40) | 0.005** |
| Experienced and inexperienced users' needs are taken into consideration: never (1)–always (10) | 5.28 (2.36) | 5.83 (2.22) | 0.048* |
| Correcting your mistakes: difficult (1)–easy (10) | 5.60 (2.39) | 6.44 (2.25) | 0.003** |
| Scale of CPOE usefulness | 48.08 (24.07) | 56.34 (24.14) | 0.007** |
| CPOE: difficult (0)–easy (9) | 4.38 (2.47) | 5.19 (2.38) | 0.009** |
| CPOE: frustrating (0)–satisfying (9) | 3.88 (2.56) | 4.80 (2.34) | 0.004** |
| Order entry (CPOE) functions as I expect: never (0)–always (9) | 4.70 (2.03) | 5.15 (2.13) | 0.091 |
| Scale of eMAR usefulness | 64.01 (25.91) | 70.99 (22.32) | 0.017* |
| eMAR: difficult (0)–easy (9) | 5.91 (2.35) | 6.65 (1.99) | 0.005** |
| eMAR: frustrating (0)–satisfying (9) | 5.54 (2.57) | 6.14 (2.29) | 0.042* |
| The electronic medication administration record (eMAR) functions as I expect: never (0)–always (9) | 5.83 (2.37) | 6.37 (2.03) | 0.044* |
| Scale of nursing flowsheet usefulness | 66.62 (23.81) | 70.37 (22.50) | 0.181 |
| Nursing flowsheet: difficult (0)–easy (9) | 6.25 (2.18) | 6.53 (2.00) | 0.263 |
| Nursing flowsheet: frustrating (0)–satisfying (9) | 5.73 (2.30) | 6.10 (2.26) | 0.177 |
The numbers in parentheses indicate the scores assigned to end-points for each question. Multi-item scales values were calculated by combining items, calculating the average response, and rescaling it to range from 1 (negative) to 100 (positive).
Significant differences between the two rounds at *p<0.05, **p<0.01.
CPOE, computerized provider order entry; eMAR, electronic medication administration record.