Table 1.
Features of existing IT systems for field care and mass-casualty tracking
| System | Scope | Network | Patient-tracking device | Sensors | Other devices | Transaction model | References |
| ARTEMIS | Mass casualty tracking and field care | WiFi | Handheld computer | ECG, pulse oximeter | Client push | 12 | |
| Army BMIST-J and MC-4 | Field care | Smart tag or desktop sync | Smart dog tag | None | Handheld computer | Synchronization | 13 |
| Navy Tacmed-cs and Theater Medical | Field care | RFID tag or desktop sync | Passive RFID tag wrist band | None | Handheld computer | Synchronization and client push | 14 15 |
| Raytheon | Mass casualty tracking | Cellular or WiFi | Paper triage tags with barcode | None | Cell phone or handheld computer | Client push | 16 |
| mTriage | Mass casualty tracking | SMS cellular | Passive RFID tag | None | Cell phone with RFID reader/writer | Client push | 17 |
| EMsystems | Mass casualty tracking | WiFi to cellular or satellite | Paper triage tags with barcode | None | Handheld computer | Client push | 18 |
| TACIT | Mass casualty tracking | WiFi with cellular or satellite | None | None | Handheld computer | Client push | 19 |
| iRevive | Field care | Zigbee to WiFi to cellular or satellite | Mote RFID device | Pulse oximeter, blood pressure, and ECG | Handheld computer | Client push | 20 |
| AID-N | Field care and mass casualty tracking | Zigbee to WiFi to cellular or satellite | Mote RFID device | Pulse oximeter, blood pressure, and ECG | Handheld computer | Client push | 21 |
| WIISARD | Field care and mass casualty tracking | WiFi to WiFi mesh network to cellular or satellite | WiFi RFID devices and paper triage tags with bar code | Pulse oximeter | Handheld computer, tablet computer | Publish and subscribe with synchronization | 22–28 |
RFID, radio-frequency identification.