Table 1.
Subject characteristics
| LGI | HF | P * | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 47 | 45 | — |
| Age (years) | 34.0 ± 4.1 | 32.4 ± 4.5 | 0.062 |
| Prepregnancy BMI (kg/m2) | 23.9 ± 4.4 | 24.1 ± 5.7 | 0.837 |
| Ethnicity (%) | |||
| Asian | 59.6 | 55.6 | 0.697 |
| Caucasian | 31.9 | 40.0 | 0.419 |
| Others | 8.5 | 4.4 | 0.430 |
| Week of gestation at diagnosis | 26.1 ± 4.0 | 26.0 ± 4.3 | 0.951 |
| Family history of type 2 diabetes (%) | |||
| Maternal | 23.4 | 20.0 | 0.692 |
| Paternal | 21.3 | 33.3 | 0.194 |
| Week of gestation at start of intervention | 29.0 ± 4.0 | 29.7 ± 3.5 | 0.410 |
| 75-g OGTT results (mmol/L) | |||
| Fasting | 4.6 ± 0.5 | 4.7 ± 0.7 | 0.279 |
| 1 h | 9.4 ± 1.4 | 9.7 ± 1.6 | 0.501 |
| 2 h | 8.6 ± 1.2 | 8.0 ± 1.3 | 0.024 |
| Nulliparous (%) | 61.7 | 64.4 | 0.785 |
Data are mean ± SD except for ethnicity, family history of type 2 diabetes, and nulliparous, which are expressed as percentages. OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test.
*P values calculated by one-way ANOVA for continuous variables and Pearson χ2 for categorical variables. P < 0.05 indicates statistical significance.