Table 2.
Family psychosocial characteristics and criminality (all crimes) among males, adjusting for individual problems.
| All crimes (1966-1980) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crudea (95% CI) |
Model 1b (95% CI) |
Model 2c (95% CI) |
Model 3d (95% CI) |
Model 4e (95% CI) |
Model 5f (95% CI) |
PAF | |
| Family psychosocial characteristics | |||||||
| Father's criminality (1953-1959) | |||||||
| No (ref.) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 2.10 (1.63-2.71) | 1.70 (1.30-1.21) | 1.53 (1.17-1.99) | 1.41 (1.07-1.86) | 1.54 (1.17-2.01) | 1.42 (1.08-1.88) | -2.05% |
| Father's alcohol abuse (1953-1965) | |||||||
| No (ref.) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 3.03 (2.33-3.93) | 2.41 (1.83-3.16) | 2.06 (1.56-2.71) | 1.84 (1.38-2.47) | 1.93 (1.45-2.56) | 1.77 (1.32-2.37) | -2.96% |
| Parents' mental problems (1953-1965) | |||||||
| No (ref.) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 2.12 (1.71-2.62) | 1.77 (1.42-2.20) | 1.56 (1.25-1.95) | 1.48 (1.17-1.86) | 1.43 (1.13-1.79) | 1.40 (1.10-1.77) | -2.89% |
| Father's occupational class (1963) | |||||||
| Upper and upper middle class (ref.) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Middle class | 1.58 (1.35-1.85) | 1.53 (1.30-1.79) | 1.47 (1.25-1.73) | 1.52 (1.29-1.78) | 1.47 (1.25-1.73) | ||
| Working class | 2.45 (2.09-2.87) | 2.26 (1.93-2.65) | 2.08 (1.76-2.45) | 2.23 (1.90-2.62) | 2.08 (1.77-2.45) | ||
| Others | 3.39 (2.51-4.57) | 2.73 (2.01-3.71) | 2.63 (1.92-3.60) | 2.64 (7.28-18.2) | 2.56 (1.87-3.52) | -1.85% | |
| Individual problems | |||||||
| Alcohol and/or drug use (1966-1972) | |||||||
| No (ref.) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Yes | 22.3 (15.5-32.3) | 19.5 (13.5-28.2) | 15.2 (10.5-22.2) | -17.5% | |||
| Mental problems (1966-1972) | |||||||
| No (ref.) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Yes | 13.5 (8.55-21.2) | 11.5 (7.28-18.2) | 4.66 (2.82-7.72) | -4.53% | |||
Odds ratios from logistic regression analysis (n = 7,305).
a No adjustment, b Mutual adjustment for family psychosocial characteristics, c Mutual adjustment for family psychosocial characteristics + father's occupational class, d Mutual adjustment for family psychosocial characteristics + father's occupational class + individual's alcohol and/or drug use, e Mutual adjustment for family psychosocial characteristics + father's occupational class + individual's mental problems, f Mutual adjustment for all variables