Table 4.
Adverse family psychosocial characteristics, individual problems, and mortality among males.
| Mortality (1981-2009) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crudea (95% CI) |
Model 1b (95% CI) |
Model 2c (95% CI) |
Model 3d (95% CI) |
Model 4e (95% CI) |
Model 5f (95% CI) |
Model 6g (95% CI) |
Model 7h (95% CI) |
Model 8i (95% CI) |
PAF | |
| Family psychosocial characteristics | ||||||||||
| Father's criminality (1953-1959) | ||||||||||
| No (ref.) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 1.46 (0.92-2.30) | 1.10 (0.68-1.78) | 1.05 (0.65-1.69) | 0.97 (0.60-1.57) | 0.97 (0.59-1.57) | 0.90 (0.55-1.48) | 1.03 (0.64-1.68) | 0.88 (0.54-1.44) | 0.89 (0.54-1.46) | |
| Father's alcohol abuse (1953-1965) | ||||||||||
| No (ref.) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 3.00 (2.08-4.31) | 2.87 (1.94-4.24) | 2.53 (1.70-3.76) | 2.16 (1.45-3.22) | 2.05 (1.36-3.07) | 2.11 (1.40-3.19) | 2.31 (1.54-3.46) | 1.92 (1.27-2.90) | 1.88 (1.24-2.86) | -0.69% |
| Parents' mental problems (1953-1965) | ||||||||||
| No (ref.) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 1.43 (0.97-2.10) | 1.10 (0.73-1.66) | 1.02 (0.68-1.54) | 0.93 (0.62-1.40) | 0.95 (0.62-1.43) | 0.93 (0.61-1.41) | 0.89 (0.58-1.35) | 0.86 (0.56-1.30) | 0.88 (0.58-1.35) | |
| Father's occupational class (1963) | ||||||||||
| Upper and upper middle class (ref.) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Middle class | 1.35 (0.98-1.86) | 1.33 (0.97-1.84) | 1.21 (0.88-1.68) | 1.27 (0.92-1.75) | 1.25 (0.91-1.73) | 1.31 (0.95-1.81) | 1.18 (0.85-1.63) | 1.23 (0.89-1.70) | ||
| Working class | 1.72 (1.26-2.36) | 1.62 (1.18-2.22) | 1.34 (0.97-1.85) | 1.44 (1.04-1.99) | 1.38 (1.00-1.90) | 1.56 (1.14-2.15) | 1.23 (0.89-1.71) | 1.32 (0.95-1.82) | ||
| Others | 2.93 (1.77-4.83) | 1.39 (1.42-4.00) | 1.93 (1.14-3.25) | 2.09 (1.24-3.54) | 2.24 (1.32-3.79) | 2.30 (1.37-3.87) | 1.96 (0.16-3.31) | 2.09 (1.23-3.55) | -0.50% | |
| Individual problems | ||||||||||
| All crimes (1966-1980) | ||||||||||
| No (ref.) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||||||
| Yes | 2.96 (2.43-3.59) | 2.75 (2.26-3.36) | 2.12 (1.71-2.62) | -8.49% | ||||||
| Violent crimes (1966-1980) | ||||||||||
| No (ref.) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||||||
| Yes | 3.71 (2.89-4.77) | 3.24 (2.50-4.20) | 2.00 (1.49-2.67) | -1.80% | ||||||
| Alcohol and/or drug use (1966-1972) | ||||||||||
| No (ref.) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
| Yes | 6.83 (5.24-8.90) | 6.21 (4.72-8.15) | 3.94 (2.88-5.39) | 4.43 (3.22-6.11) | -2.03% | |||||
| Mental problems (1966-1972) | ||||||||||
| No (ref.) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
| Yes | 4.77 (3.23-7.03) | 4.10 (2.74-6.12) | 1.34 (0.85-2.10) | 1.36 (0.86-2.16) | -0.19% | |||||
Odds ratios from logistic regression analysis (n = 7,305).
a No adjustment, b Mutual adjustment for family psychosocial characteristics, c Mutual adjustment for family psychosocial characteristics + father's occupational class, d Mutual adjustment for family psychosocial characteristics + father's occupational class + all crimes, e Mutual adjustment for family psychosocial characteristics + father's occupational class + violent crimes
f Mutual adjustment for family psychosocial characteristics + father's occupational class + alcohol and/or drug use, g Mutual adjustment for family psychosocial characteristics + father's occupational class + mental problems, h Mutual adjustment for family psychosocial characteristics + father's occupational class + all crimes + alcohol and/or drug use + mental problems
i Mutual adjustment for family psychosocial characteristics + father's occupational class + violent crimes + alcohol and/or drug use + mental problems