Table 1.
ApoE transgenic models. Summary of the effects induced by deletion of mouse apoE (apoE−/−) or the introduction of h-apoE isoforms on markers of neuronal degeneration and behavior. Key: HC: hippocampus; CX: cortex; DG: dentate gyrus; ChAT: choline acetyl transferase; ICH: intracerebral hemorrhage; LTP: long-term potentiation; TR: targeted replacement (knock-in); F: female; M: male; m: month.
| ApoE model | [ApoE] | Neurodegeneration | Behavioral phenotype | Gender effects on behavior | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ApoE−/− | NA |
Spine density and dendritic length: WT > KO (HC/DG, 12 m) |
Water maze: WT > KO (6 m, F and M) |
Water maze: M > F (6 m) |
[15–21] |
|
ChAT: WT > KO (HC, 6 m, M) |
Anxiety vertical exploratory: KO > WT (6 m, F) |
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|
| |||||
| GFAP-apoE | Matched |
Spine length and density: E3 > E4 (HC, 12 m) |
Water maze: E3 > E4 (6 m, F) |
Water maze: M > F (apoE4 only) |
[17, 22–24] |
|
Radial arm maze: E3 > E4 (11–14 m, M) |
|||||
|
| |||||
| NSE-apoE | Matched |
Synaptophysin: E3 > E4 (HC, 5 m) |
Water maze: E3 > E4 (6 m, F) |
Water maze: M > F (apoE4 only, 6 m) | |
|
ChAT activity: E3 > E4 = KO (12 m): |
[25–27] | ||||
|
Tau phosphorylation: E4 > E3 (9 m) |
|||||
| Kainic acid induced neurodegeneration Synaptophysin and MAP-2: E3 > E4 = KO (CX, 5 m) |
[25] | ||||
|
| |||||
| ApoE-TR | E2 ≥ E3 > E4 |
Spine density and length: E3 > E4 (1, 3 and 12 m) |
Water maze/Active Y maze avoidance: E3 > E4 (15 m, F) |
Water maze: M > F (6 and 13 m) |
|
|
Dendritic length and node number: E3 > E4 (1 m) |
Anxiety elevated platform: E4 > E3 (6–8 m, F) |
||||
|
EPSP interval: E4/E4 > E2/E4 > E3/E3 (1 m) |
[18, 28–35] | ||||
|
LTP: E3 > E4 (2–4 m) |
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|
ICH: E4 > E3 (15 m+) |
|||||
|
Vascular amyloid: E4 > E3 (15 m+) |
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