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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Oct 23.
Published in final edited form as: Pain Med. 2008 Nov;9(8):1035–1049. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4637.2008.00533.x

Table 7.

AORs (95% CI) for predictors of a sustained improvement or a sustained worsening (at least 2 months duration) in GDS scores in a 3-month segment

Predictor Variables Model 1
Model 2
AOR 95% CI
AOR 95% CI
L U L U
Improved GDS
 M1 pain score
  1 point change
 M1 GDS score
  1 point increase 1.22 1.14 1.30 1.35 1.24 1.46
 Worsened conditions
  None (Ref)
  One+ 0.57 0.40 0.81
 Self-rated health
  Excellent (Ref)
  Very good 0.56 0.27 1.18*
  Good 0.39 0.20 0.77
  Fair/poor/bad 0.37 0.18 0.74
Worsened GDS
 M1 pain score 1.25 1.12 1.39
  1 point change
 M1 GDS score
  1 point increase 0.86 0.79 0.93 0.80 0.73 0.87
 Worsened conditions
  None (Ref)
  One+ 1.86 1.26 2.74
 Self-rated health
  Excellent (Ref)
  Very good 5.51 1.72 17.72
  Good 9.68 3.11 30.11
  Fair/poor/bad 22.69 7.17 71.84
*

AOR with 95% confidence intervals that include 1.0 are not statistically significant.

GDS = Geriatric Depression Scale; AOR = adjusted odds ratios; OR = odds ratios.

Model 1 includes pain and GDS score only. Model 2 includes all variables listed. All ORs are adjusted for all other variables. Unless noted, the final models were limited to variables with statistically significant AORs.