Table 1.
General characteristics and plasma levels of 24S-OH-Chol in patients with Late Onset Alzheimer's Disease (LOAD), Vascular Dementia (VD), Cognitive Impairment No Dementia (CIND), and in older controls.
| Parameter | LOAD | VD | CIND | Controls |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n. 60) | (n. 35) | (n. 25) | (n. 40) | |
| Age (years)* | 78 ± 5.5 | 77 ± 7.6 | 74 ± 8.2 | 73 ± 8.7 |
| Female gender ^ | 78,00% | 53,00% | 60,00% | 68,00% |
| MMSE score (mean/SD)* | 21.3 ± 3.8 | 21.7 ± 3.9 | 25 ± 3.1 | 28 ± 2 |
| Barthel index § | 82.5/100 | 79/100 | 96/100 | 96/100 |
| GDS | 5.7/15 | 5.3/15 | 6.3/15 | 6.2/15 |
| Tot. Chol. (mg/dL) | 210 ± 42 | 204 ± 32 | 207 ± 43 | 215 ± 28 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 4.14 ± 0.38 | 4.11 ± 0.37 | 4.08 ± 0.34 | 4.22 ± 0.31 |
| Hypertension | 67,00% | 83,00% | 63,00% | 67,00% |
| Diabetes | 15,00% | 34.5% | 18,00% | 19,00% |
| CHD ^ | 16,00% | 34.5% | 12,00% | 9.5% |
| 24S-OH-Chol (ng/ml)° | 51.0 (42.0-64.7) | 39.1 (36.0-46.5) | 47.0 (42.6-56.3) | 46.3 (37.5-52.7) |
| Brain atrophy ^^ | 84% | 53% | 51% | 47% |
| Single lacune ^^ | 5% | 22% | 7% | 6.5% |
| Multiple lacunes ^^ | 0% | 55% | 20% | 10% |
| Cortical infarcts ^^ | 0% | 23% | 11% | 6% |
* ANOVA (model P < 0.001) Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) post-hoc test: C vs LOAD p < 0.01; C vs VD p < 0.05; VD vs LOAD and CIND p < 0.005
§ ANOVA (model P < 0.001) LSD p < 0.05 C and CIND vs LOAD and VD
^Chi square test p < 0.05; ^^Chi square test p < 0.001
° ANOVA (model P < 0.001) LSD p < 0.01 LOAD vs C; p < 0.05 VD vs C and CIND; p < 0.01 for LOAD vs VD
MMSE: mini mental state examination; GDS: geriatric depression scale; CHD: coronary heart disease. For 24S-OH-Chol: median (interquartile range)