Figure 1. Classification of septum deviation (from Sciuto and coworkers): A: Horizontally, parallel to the premaxilla running deviation of the lamina quadrangularis. B: Vertically running deviation of the lamina quadrangularis. B₁: Caudal-vertically running deviation inferiorly to the insertion of the upper lateral cartilages. B₂: Mid-vertically running deviation with the axis in the area of the insertion of the upper lateral cartilages. B₃: High-vertically running deviation with the axis in the area of the bony nasal dorsum. C: Combined deviation of A and B.