TABLE 2.
Association of perinatal and maternal factors with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) after premature birth
| Variables |
BPD |
RDS without subsequent BPD |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
| Perinatal factors | ||||
| Birth weight | 1.23/100 g | 1.2–1.3 | 0.95/100 g | 0.93–0.98 |
| Gestational age | 1.54/week | 1.47–1.64 | 1.00/week | 0.93–1.07 |
| Male sex | 1.1 | 0.8–1.5 | 1.4 | 1.0–1.8 |
| 1 min Apgar score | 1.35/point | 1.25–1.45 | 1.01/point | 0.94–1.06 |
| 5 min Apgar score | 1.39/point | 1.27–1.54 | 1.05/point | 1.0–1.14 |
| Maternal and antenatal factors | ||||
| Maternal age | 1.04/year | 1.0–1.08 | 1.02/year | 0.99–1.05 |
| Twin or multiple births | 0.6 | 0.4–0.9 | 0.6 | 0.4–0.9 |
| Antenatal steroids | 1.2 | 0.6–2.3 | 0.48 | 0.3–0.9 |
| Prolonged rupture of membrane | 1.4 | 1.0–2.0 | 1.04 | 0.8–1.4 |
| Premature labour | 0.4 | 0.2–1.1 | 0.7 | 0.3–1.7 |
| Gestational diabetes | 1.6 | 0.5–4.9 | 2.5 | 0.9–7.3 |
| Secondary diagnoses | ||||
| Intraventricular hemorrhage | 5.4 | 3.1–9.3 | 1.6 | 0.9–2.9 |
| Retinopathy of prematurity | 9.9 | 4.9–20.2 | 0.6 | 0.2–1.5 |
| Neonatal pneumonia/sepsis | 2.2 | 1.5–3.1 | 0.6 | 0.5–0.9 |
| Patent ductus arteriosus | 6.9 | 4.7–10.0 | 1.1 | 0.8–1.6 |
| Apnea of prematurity | 1.6 | 1.2–2.3 | 0.9 | 0.7–1.2 |
| Pneumothorax | 10.5 | 4.7–23.3 | 7.1 | 3.3–15.7 |
| Necrotizing enterocolitis | 1.2 | 0.8–1.9 | 0.4 | 0.3–0.7 |
| Seizures | 2.9 | 1.7–5.0 | 0.6 | 0.3–1.1 |
| Anemia | 2.2 | 1.4–3.4 | 0.6 | 0.4–1.0 |