Table 1.
Responses to Seven Measurements of Subjective Phenomena by Mode of Interview: Analysis of Unweighted Data from the NSBME
| Responsee | pd | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Item nonresponsef | ||||||||||
| Strongly | Strongly | Ordinal | ||||||||
| Measurement and survey mode | agree | Agree | Disagree | disagree | N | Nominal | Ordinal | adjustede | Percentage | p |
| Sometimes necessary to give children a good, hard spanking | ||||||||||
| T-ACASI | 11.9% | 34.1% | 36.2% | 17.8% | 900 | 2.9 | ||||
| T-IAQ | 8.2% | 39.4% | 32.2% | 20.2% | 1,151 | .002 | .245 | >.500 | 1.0 | .002 |
| There is no real risk in occasional pot use | ||||||||||
| T-ACASI | 10.5% | 20.2% | 38.5% | 30.8% | 877 | 5.5 | ||||
| T-IAQ | 6.9% | 22.7% | 35.6% | 34.8% | 1,139 | .006 | .043 | .067 | 2.1 | <.001 |
| Preschool children suffer if mother works | ||||||||||
| T-ACASI | 13.2% | 27.5% | 48.3% | 10.9% | 906 | 2.3 | ||||
| T-IAQ | 9.9% | 30.7% | 45.4% | 13.9% | 1,149 | .010 | .089 | .127 | 1.2 | .06 |
| Much better if man is achiever outside home and woman takes care of home and family | ||||||||||
| T-ACASI | 11.0% | 20.6% | 44.7% | 23.7% | 907 | 2.2 | ||||
| T-IAQ | 8.0% | 22.0% | 42.4% | 27.6% | 1,152 | .030 | .032 | .037 | 1.0 | .023 |
| Opinion about sex between adults of the same gender | Always wrong | Almost always wrong | Sometimes wrong | Not wrong at all | N | P nominal | P ordinal | Ordinal adjustede | ||
| T-ACASI | 49.1% | 7.5% | 12.7% | 30.7% | 872 | 5.9 | ||||
| T-IAQ | 46.0% | 5.3% | 11.0% | 37.8% | 1,120 | .005 | .012 | .014 | 3.7 | .016 |
| Compared to an average person, how good looking are you?a | Much better | Somewhat better | Average | Worse lookinga | N | P nominal | P ordinal | Ordinal adjustede | ||
| T-ACASI | 16.8% | 38.3% | 41.9% | 3.0% | 906 | 2.3 | ||||
| T-IAQ | 10.2% | 31.8% | 55.6% | 2.3% | 1,152 | <.001 | <.001 | <.001 | 1.0 | .015 |
| Preferred racial composition of neighborhood, if you could live anywhere (Black and White respondents onlyb) | All same race | Mostly same race | 50-50 | All or mostly other race | N | P nominal | P ordinal | Ordinal adjustede | ||
| T-ACASI | 14.8% | 46.7% | 36.1% | 2.3% | 783 | 2.9 | ||||
| T-IAQ | 10.4% | 37.6% | 48.9% | 3.1% | 931 | <.001 | <.001 | <.001 | 7.7 | <.001 |
aResponse categories of “somewhat worse than average” (2.4 percent of total sample) and “much worse than average” (0.2 percent) have been combined in this analysis.
bThis analysis was restricted to respondents who identified their race as either White or Black to simplify interpretation. The question characterizes neighborhoods as all Black, mostly Black, half Black and half White, mostly White, or all White.
cDistribution of substantive responses excludes nonsubstantive responses, e.g., “don't know,” refused, no answer, etc. See the final two columns for percents giving such nonsubstantive responses.
dp-values were calculated from bivariate likelihood ratio chi-square tests, bivariate Mantel–Haenszel tests for linear association, and multivariate ordered logit models including nine sociodemographic control variables.
eOrdered logit models were fit to each measurement. These models treated the response (e.g., strongly agree, agree, disagree, strongly disagree) as ordinal variables and estimated the impact of T-ACASI (versus T-IAQ) adjusting for impact of gender, sample strata (Baltimore versus USA), race (Black or non-Black), Hispanic origin, age in years, education in years, marital status (married or living together versus other), region of country (Northeast, South Atlantic, North Central, South Central, Mountain, and Pacific states), and urbanicity (21 largest MSAs; counties with populations of 85,000 or more; counties with populations of 20,000–84,999; and counties with populations of less than 20,000). (While sample strata were introduced in regressions, it was dropped during estimation due to apparent redundancy with the Region and Urbanicity indicators.) p-values shown test the null hypothesis that the estimated T-ACASI effect (net of impact of control variables) is zero.
fThis table displays percentage of respondents who did not give a substantive answer to each question among respondents who did answer at least one of the three questions that preceded the seven subjective measurements. (This was done to eliminate interview breakoffs from the analysis. Prior analyses (Villarroel et al. 2006a) have reported that there was a higher rate of interview breakoff in the T-ACASI condition of the NSBME but this did not compromise the conclusion that T-ACASI significantly shifted the substantive response distributions.) p-values in this column are calculated with Pearson's chi-square tests.