Table 6.

J–V characteristics of ZnO/Au-nanocomposite DSSCs with increasing amount of Au nanoparticles in the photoelectrode as a function of the dipping time of ZnO-nanorod photoelectrodes in the HAuCl₄·H₂O aq. solution (0.01 mM).^a

Dipping time (h)	Voc (V)	Jsc (mA/cm2)	FF (%)	η (%)
0.50	0.64	3.10	41.58	0.83
1.00	0.67	3.80	45.52	1.16
1.50	0.65	2.90	34.33	0.65
2.00	0.62	2.40	31.31	0.47

^aThe J–V characteristics were measured at 1 sun, AM 1.5 G illumination (100 mW/cm²) and the active area of all the DSSCs was maintained at 1 cm² during these experiments.