Table 2.

Association of proapoptotic biomarkers expression with pathological characteristics of UTUC.

UUC	N	Altered expression of biomarker
		Bax	P<	Fas	P<	Casp3 index*	P<
Low grade			N.S.		N.S.		N.S
BEN	16	9		7		6.7 ± 15.8
Control	25	16		8		2 ± 5.3
High grade			0.05		N.S.		N.S.
BEN	28	11		16		1.7 ± 2.7
Control	36	25		14		1.7 ± 4.6
Low stage			N.S.		N.S.		N.S.
BEN	17	10		9		2.9 ± 7.5
Control	19	14		7		2.6 ± 6.7
High stage			0.05		N.S.		N.S.
BEN	27	10		14		3.9 ± 11.2
Control	42	27		15		1.5 ± 3.9
Papillary growth			N.S.		N.S.		N.S.
BEN	12	4		3		4.2 ± 8.8
Control	27	18		8		3.2 ± 7.1
Solid growth			N.S.		N.S.		N.S.
BEN	32	16		20		3.2 ± 10.4
Control	34	23		14		0.8 ± 1
LV invasion: yes			N.S.		N.S.		N.S.
BEN	10	4		6		7 ± 17.9
Control	20	15		7		1 ± 1.3
Necrosis: yes			0.05		N.S.		N.S.
BEN	19	7		10		1.9 ± 2.8
Control	25	17		11		1 ± 1
Nonmetaplastic			0.05		0.05		N.S.
BEN	34	16		17		3.6 ± 11.1
Control	48	33		12		1.7 ± 4.3
Metaplastic			N.S.		N.S.
BEN	10	4		6		3.2 ± 4
Control	13	8		10		2.6 ± 6.8

χ ² test was performed.

*Mann Whitney U test was performed.

N.S.: no significance.