Table 1.
Overview of studies performed to protect from aminoglycoside ototoxicity by inhibition of apoptosis. C: Chicken, G: Gerbil, GP: Guinea Pig, M: Mouse, R: Rat, ZF: Zebrafish; X: in vitro, Y: in vivo; i.m.: intramuscular, i.p.: intraperitoneal, i.t.: intratympanic, s.c.: subcutaneous; d: day, h: hour; O: no effect, P/PP/PPP: partial, not significant/partial and statistically significant/complete and statistically significant protection.
| Therapy (dose) | Aminoglycoside (dose) | Species | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| zVAD (100 μM, 26 h) | Gentamicin (0.1, 0.5, 2 mM; 24 h) | C, X | PPP | [167] |
| zVAD (100 μM, 26 h) | PPP | |||
| BAF (100 μM, 26 h) | Gentamicin (1 mM, 6 & 24 h) | GP + | PPP | [178] |
| Deferoxamine (1 mM, 26 h) | G, X | PPP | ||
| zVAD (300 μM, 12 h) | Neomycin (10 μM, 3 h) | ZF | PP | [179] |
| zVAD (local 50, 100 μM or 1.5 mg/kg i.m.) | Streptomycin (1.2 g/kg; 5 d, i.m.) | C, Y | local PP i.m. P |
[180] |
| zVAD (250 μM, local @ 0.5 μL/h, 14 d) zLEHD (150 μM, local @ 0.5 μL/h, 14 d) |
Gentamicin (12 mg/mL, local @ 0.5 μL/h, 14 d) |
GP, Y | PP PP |
[182] |
| zDEVD (10 or 200 μM, 48 h) | PP (200 μM) | |||
| zIETD (10 or 200 μM, 48 h) | Gentamicin (35 μM, 48 h) | R, X | O | [193] |
| zLEHD (10 or 200 μM, 48 h) | O | |||
| zVAD (100 μM, 26 h) | M, X | PPP | ||
| zIETD (100 μM, 26 h) | Neomycin (1 mM, 24 h) | O | [166] | |
| zLEHD (100 μM, 26 h) | PP | |||
| d-JNKI-1 (M 2 μM; GP 10 μM, 1 μL/h local, 7 d) | Neomycin (M 1 mM, 24–48 h; GP 300 mg/kg i.p. 5 d) | M, X GP, Y |
PPP PPP |
[161] |
| CEP-11004 (0.5 μM, 84 h) | Gentamicin (50 μM, 72 h) | R, X | PP | [184] |
| CEP-11004 (0.2, 0.4, 1.6, 4.8 μM; 7 h) | Neomycin (1 mM, 3 h) | C, X | PP (1.6 μM) | [152] |
| CEP-11004 (1.0 μM; 24 h) | Neomycin (1 mM, 24 h) | M, X | PP | [183] |
| Estradiol (1, 10, 100, 1000 nM; 60 h) | Gentamicin (100 μM, 48 h) | R, X | P | [185] |
| CEP-1347 (1 mg/kg s.c., 1 x/d, 14 d) | Gentamicin (120 mg/kg s.c., 1 x/d, 14 d) | GP, Y | PP | [186] |
| Bcl-2, transgenic | Neomycin (1 mM, 24 h) | M,X | PP | [155] |
| Bcl-2, transgenic | Gentamicin (40 μg i.t., single dose) | M, Y | PP | [187] |
| Bcl-X(L), transgenic | Kanamycin (800 mg/kg, 2 x/d, s.c., 15 d) | M, Y | PP | [188] |
| HSP 70, transgenic | Neomycin (1–4 mM, 24 h) | M, X | PP | [191] |
| HSP-70, transgenic | Kanamycin (700 mg/kg, 2 x/d, s.c., 14 d) | M, Y | PP | [192] |
| HSP-70, transgenic | Kanamycin (700 mg/kg, 2 x/d, s.c., 14 d) | M, Y | PP | [192] |