Table 3.
Overview of studies with alternative strategies to protect from aminoglycoside ototoxicity. C: Chicken, CH: Chinchilla, G: Gerbil, GP: Guinea Pig, M: Mouse, R: Rat, X: in vitro, Y: in vivo; i.m.: intramuscular, i.v.: intravenous, i.p.: intraperitoneal, i.t.: intratympanic, s.c.: subcutaneous; d: day, h: hour, q12 h: every 12 h; O: no effect; P/PP/PPP: partial, not significant/partial and statistically significant/complete and statistically significant protection.
Therapy (dose) | Aminoglycoside (dose) | Species | Outcome | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
BDNF (10 ng/mL, 4 h) | Gentamicin (2 mg/mL, 4 h) | GP, X | PP | [213] |
Dizocilpine (1 mg/kg/d, osmotic pump, 14 d) Ifenprodil (10 mg/kg/d, osmotic pump, 14 d) |
Neomycin (50 mg/kg, 1 x/d, s.c., 14 d) or Kanamycin (250 mg/kg, 1 x/d, s.c., 21 d) |
GP, Y | PP PP |
[233] |
Dizocilpine (1 mg/kg, 1 x/d, s.c.,10 d) | Streptomycin (400 mg/kg, 1 x/d, s.c., 10 d) | R, Y | PP | [234] |
CTNF (0.44 g/kg, 1 x/d, s.c., 30 d) | Gentamicin (80 mg/kg, 1 x/d, i.m., 30 d) | GP, Y | PP | [249] |
BDNF (1 μg, pellet in semicircular canal, with AG or 1 week later, over 1–8 weeks) | Gentamicin (50 μg, pellet in semicircular canal, over 1–8 weeks) | CH, Y | P TT |
[246] |
BDNF (100 μg/mL, local, pump @ 0.25 μL/h, 30 d) NT-3 (100 μg/mL, local, pump @ 0.25 μL/h, 30 d) |
Kanamycin (400 mg/kg, 1 x/d, i.p., 5 d) | GP, Y | O (BDNF) PP (NT-3) |
[248] |
L-NAME (100 μM, 8 h) BDNF (10 ng/mL, 8 h) |
Gentamicin (2 mg/mL, 8 h) | GP, X | PP PP |
[247] |
Isosorbide (1 mM, 8 h) | Gentamicin (2 mg/mL, 8 h) | GP, X | PP | [255] |
MK 801 (1 mg/kg, 3 x before pump implantation) +/− NT-3 (local in pump @ 300 ng/h over 14 d) | Amikacin (300 mM, local pump @ 5 μL/h, 24 h) | GP, Y | P (MK 801) PP (MK + NT) |
[256] |
GDNF (10 μM, 72–96 h) | Neomycin (0.6 mM, 72 h) | R, X | P (X) | [250] |
GDNF (50 ng/mL, local pump @ 0.5 μL/h or single dose 0.1 mg, i.t.) | Kanamycin (200 mg/kg, s.c., single dose) + Ethacrynic Acid (40 mg/kg, i.v., single dose) | GP, Y | PP (Y) | |
GDNF + TGF-1, transgenic | Kanamycin (150 mg/kg, s.c., single dose) + Ethacrynic Acid (40 mg/kg, i.v., single dose) | GP, Y | PP | [257] |
GDNF, transgenic | Gentamicin (8 mg, i.t., single dose) | GP, Y | PP | [258] |
GDNF, transgenic | Kanamycin (200 mg/kg, s.c., single dose) + Ethacrynic Acid (40 mg/kg, i.v., single dose) | GP, Y | PP | [259] |
Gentamicin (10 mg/kg, 1 x/d, i.m., 30 d) | Gentamicin (160 mg/kg, 1 x/d, i.m., 10 d) | GP, Y | PP | [230] |
Amikacin (20 mg/kg, 1 x/d, i.m., 30 d) | Amikacin (400 mg/kg, 1 x/d, i.m., 10 d) | GP, Y | PP | [231] |
2 Octave-band noise (81 dB SPL for 21 d) | Gentamicin (445 μg, local to RWM over 14 d) | G, Y | P | [232] |
Ethacrynic Acid (40 mg/kg, i.v., single dose, 12–18 h ) | Gentamicin (125 mg/kg, 1–20 injections q12h, i.m.) | GP, Y | PP | [252] |