Table 1.
Clinical outcomes of patients undergoing a single Gamma Knife treatment.
| Author (year) | Clinical evaluation method | GKRS max dose (Gy) | Study endpoints | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients with vessel impingement | 59% | |||
| Pain relief in patients with or w/o vascular impingement | P = NS | |||
| BNI score I | 57% | |||
| Sheehan et al. [9] (2010) | BNI | Median: 84 | BNI score II | 17% |
| BNI score III | 13% | |||
| BNI score IV | 10% | |||
| BNI score V | 2% | |||
|
| ||||
| BNI score I | 43% | |||
| Chen et al. [13] (2010) | BNI | 90 | BNI score I–IIIb | 91% |
| Patients with hypoesthesia | 11% | |||
|
| ||||
| BNI score I | 32.1% | |||
| BNI score II | 3.8% | |||
| Riesenburger et al. [10] (2010) | BNI | Median: 80 | BNI score IIIa | 1.9% |
| BNI score IIIb | 20.8% | |||
| BNI score IV | 41.5% | |||
| Patients with facial numbness | 36% | |||
|
| ||||
| 1-y BNI score I–IIIb | 80% | |||
| 3-y BNI score I–IIIb | 71% | |||
| Kondziolka et al. [5] (2010) | BNI | 60–90 | 5-y BNI score I–IIIb | 46% |
| 10-y BNI score I–IIIb | 30% | |||
| Patients with facial numbness or paresthesia | 10.5% | |||
|
| ||||
| BNI score I | 22% | |||
| Dhople et al. [18] (2007) | BNI | Median: 75 | BNI score II | 6% |
| BNI score III | 44% | |||
| Patients with trigeminal dysfunction | 19% | |||
|
| ||||
| BNI score I–IIIb | 76.7% | |||
| Han et al. [11] (2009) | BNI | Mean: 79.7 | Patients with pain recurrence | 52.2% |
| Patients with radiation-induced cranial neuropathy | 15% | |||
|
| ||||
| 1-y actuarial rate of freedom from treatment failure | 60% | |||
| 3-y actuarial rate of freedom from treatment failure | 41% | |||
| Dhople et al. [17] (2009) | BNI | Median: 75 | 5-y actuarial rate of freedom from treatment failure | 34% |
| 7-y actuarial rate of freedom from treatment failure | 22% | |||
| Superior response duration in patients w/o prior surgery | P < 0.02 | |||
| Patients with facial numbness | 6% | |||
|
| ||||
| BNI score I-IIIb | 82% | |||
| Matsuda et al. [16] (2010) | BNI | 80–90 | Patients with trigeminal nerve dysfunction | 41.3% |
|
| ||||
| 7-y GKRS initial treatment pain-free rate | 45% | |||
| Little et al. [15] (2008) | BNI | 70–90 | 7-y GKRS secondary treatment pain-free rate | 10% |
| Patients with bothersome facial numbness | 5% | |||
|
| ||||
| 1-y complete pain relief rate | 83.1% | |||
| 2-y complete pain relief rate | 70.9% | |||
| Dellaretti et al. [4] (2008) | BNI | Mean: 85.1 | 3-y complete pain relief rate | 62.5% |
| Superior pain relief in patients w/o prior surgery | P < 0.05 | |||
| Patients with trigeminal dysfunction | 21% | |||
|
| ||||
| BNI score I | 17.6% | |||
| BNI score II | 17.6% | |||
| Park and Hwang [12] (2011) | BNI | 80–90 | BNI score IIIa | 41.2% |
| BNI score IIIb | 17.6% | |||
| BNI score V | 5.9% | |||
| Patients with trigeminal nerve dysfunction | 23.5% | |||
|
| ||||
| BNI score I | 5.7% | |||
| Pan et al. [19] (2010) | BNI | 80 | Patients with pain recurrence | 44.2% |
| Patients with facial numbness | 9.6% | |||
|
| ||||
| 1-y BNI score I | 26% | |||
| Kano et al. [14] (2010) | BNI | 60–90 | 1-y BNI score 1-IIIb | 85% |
| Patients with trigeminal sensory loss or paresthesia | 9.3% | |||
|
| ||||
| Excellent outcome | 40% | |||
| Good outcome | 10% | |||
| Azar et al. [21] (2009) | EGFP | 90 | Fair outcome | 33% |
| Poor outcome | 17% | |||
| Patients with facial numbness | 13% | |||
|
| ||||
| Excellent outcome | 54% | |||
| Good outcome | 4% | |||
| Sekula et al.* [20] (2010) | EGFP | NR | Fair outcome | 7% |
| Poor outcome | 36% | |||
| Patients with facial numbness | 21% | |||
| Patients with dysesthesias | 11% | |||
|
| ||||
| Patients with complete pain relief | 83% | |||
| Régis et al. [22] (2006) | Median: 85 | Patients with facial numbness | 6% | |
| Patients with hypesthesia | 4% | |||
|
| ||||
| Patients with complete pain relief | 32.6% | |||
| Knafo et al. [23] (2009) | 80 | Patients with significant pain relief | 77.6% | |
| Patients with sensory side effects | 14.9% | |||
|
| ||||
| Patients pain-free w/o medication | 61% | |||
| Longhi et al. [24] (2007) | 75–95 | Patients pain-free with medication | 29% | |
| Patients with no pain relief | 10% | |||
| Patients with side effects | 9% | |||
|
| ||||
| Patients with complete pain relief | 29.9% | |||
| Kang et al. [25] (2008) | Mean: 84.3 | Patients with pain improvement | 49.4% | |
| Patients with side effects | 15.6% | |||
BNI: Barrow Neurological Institute; EGFP: excellent-good-fair-poor; GKRS: Gamma Knife radiosurgery; MVD: microvascular decompression; NR: not reported; NS: nonsignificant.
*Study includes patients treated with MVD after failed GKRS.