Table 3.
Adjusted Mean QT Interval (ms), by Quartile of Hormone Levels, Among Men, Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, 2002
| No. of Men in Quartile | Unadjusted |
Model 1a |
Model 2b |
Model 3c |
|||||
| Mean | 95% CI | Mean | 95% CI | Mean | 95% CI | Mean | 95% CI | ||
| Total testosterone, ng/mL | |||||||||
| <3.3 | 735 | 406.0 | 403.8, 408.3 | 409.4 | 408.1, 410.8 | 409.0 | 407.3, 410.7 | 408.9 | 407.1, 410.7 |
| 3.3–4.1 | 728 | 408.0 | 405.7, 410.2 | 407.7 | 406.4, 409.1 | 407.7 | 406.1, 409.4 | 407.5 | 405.8, 409.3 |
| 4.2–5.0 | 740 | 409.1 | 406.9, 411.4 | 407.1 | 405.7, 408.4 | 407.4 | 405.8, 409.1 | 407.2 | 405.4, 408.9 |
| ≥5.1 | 739 | 410.1 | 407.8, 412.4 | 406.8 | 405.4, 408.1 | 407.4 | 405.7, 409.0 | 407.1 | 405.3, 408.9 |
| P for trend | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.12 | 0.09 | |||||
| Free testosterone, ng/mL | |||||||||
| <0.065 | 735 | 410.0 | 407.7, 412.2 | 410.7 | 409.3, 412.1 | 410.3 | 408.6, 412.0 | 410.2 | 408.4, 411.9 |
| 0.065–0.079 | 736 | 411.1 | 408.9, 413.4 | 409.0 | 407.7, 410.4 | 409.2 | 407.5, 410.8 | 408.8 | 407.1, 410.6 |
| 0.080–0.098 | 736 | 405.9 | 403.6, 408.2 | 406.1 | 404.8, 407.4 | 406.2 | 404.5, 407.8 | 406.0 | 404.2, 407.8 |
| ≥0.099 | 735 | 406.3 | 404.0, 408.5 | 405.3 | 403.9, 406.7 | 405.7 | 404.0, 407.3 | 405.5 | 403.7, 407.3 |
| P for trend | 0.002 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||||
| Total estradiol, pg/mL | |||||||||
| <24.0 | 795 | 410.4 | 408.2, 412.6 | 407.0 | 405.7, 408.3 | 407.3 | 405.7, 408.9 | 407.2 | 405.5, 409.0 |
| 24.0–30.9 | 765 | 408.6 | 406.4, 410.8 | 407.7 | 406.4, 409.0 | 407.8 | 406.2, 409.5 | 407.8 | 406.1, 409.5 |
| 31.0–37.9 | 598 | 408.3 | 405.8, 410.8 | 407.2 | 405.8, 408.7 | 407.2 | 405.5, 409.0 | 406.9 | 405.1, 408.8 |
| ≥38.0 | 784 | 405.9 | 403.7, 408.1 | 409.1 | 407.7, 410.4 | 409.0 | 407.4, 410.6 | 408.8 | 407.0, 410.5 |
| P for trend | 0.005 | 0.04 | 0.10 | 0.15 | |||||
| Sex hormone-binding globulin, nmol/L | |||||||||
| <31.2 | 729 | 402.8 | 400.5, 405.0 | 407.7 | 406.3, 409.0 | 407.4 | 405.7, 409.1 | 407.4 | 405.6, 409.2 |
| 31.2–40.6 | 735 | 407.6 | 405.4, 409.9 | 407.5 | 406.1, 408.8 | 407.2 | 405.6, 408.9 | 407.1 | 405.3, 408.9 |
| 40.7–52.5 | 739 | 409.2 | 406.9, 411.4 | 406.7 | 405.4, 408.1 | 406.8 | 405.1, 408.4 | 406.6 | 404.8, 408.3 |
| ≥52.6 | 739 | 413.6 | 411.3, 415.8 | 409.2 | 407.8, 410.5 | 410.0 | 408.3, 411.6 | 409.9 | 408.1, 411.8 |
| P for trend | <0.0001 | 0.12 | 0.01 | 0.01 | |||||
Abbreviation: CI, confidence interval.
Model 1 was adjusted for age (continuous), race (white, Chinese American, black, or Hispanic), and RR interval (restricted quadratic splines with knots at the 5th, 50th, and 95th percentiles).
Model 2 was adjusted for the variables in model 1 and body mass index (continuous), smoking (never, former, or current), alcohol consumption (never, former, or current), physical activity level (low, medium, or high intensity), educational level (less than high school vs. high school graduate or higher), and household income (<$20,000 vs. ≥$20,000).
Model 3 was adjusted for variables in models 1 and 2 and systolic blood pressure (continuous), total cholesterol level (continuous), high density lipoprotein level (continuous), and diabetes.