Table 4.
Cause of Death Across Therapeutic Eras Among Enrollees in the Perinatal AIDS Collaborative Transmission Study (PACTS/PACTS-HOPE) (1986–2004)a
| No. (%) by Therapeutic Era |
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| Categorical causeof death | Study period (1986–2004) | No/monotherapy (1986–1990) | Mono-/dual-therapy (1991–1996) | HAART (1997–2004) |
| OI associated | 19 (19.4) | 7 (31.8) | 11 (16.9) | 1 (9.1) |
| Pneumocystis | 14 (14.3) | 7 (31.8) | 6 (9.2) | 1 (9.1) |
| Mycobacteriosis | 3 (3.1) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (4.6) | 0 (0.0) |
| Cytomegalovirus | 2 (2.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (3.1) | 0 (0.0) |
| Non-OI associated | 79 (80.6) | 15 (68.2) | 54 (83.1) | 10 (90.9) |
| End-stage AIDS | 23 (23.5) | 4 (18.2) | 18 (27.7) | 1 (9.1) |
| Pneumonia | 15 (15.3) | 2 (9.1) | 12 (18.5) | 1 (9.1) |
| Sepsis | 14 (14.3) | 2 (9.1) | 10 (15.4) | 2 (18.2) |
| Other non–HIV related | 14 (14.3) | 4 (18.2) | 6 (9.2) | 4 (36.4) |
| CNS complications | 4 (4.1) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (4.6) | 1 (9.1) |
| Cardiomyopathy | 3 (3.1) | 1 (4.5) | 2 (3.1) | 0 (0.0) |
| Hepatic complications | 2 (2.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.5) | 1 (9.1) |
| Renal complications | 2 (2.0) | 1 (4.5) | 1 (1.5) | 0 (0.0) |
| Malignancy | 1 (1.0) | 1 (4.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Other HIV related | 1 (1.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.5) | 0 (0.0) |
| Total Deaths | 98 (100.0) | 22 (100.0) | 65 (100.0) | 11 (100.0) |
Abbreviations: CNS, central nervous system; HAART, highly active antiretroviral therapy; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus.
a
P = .051 for difference between opportunistic infection (OI)–associated and non–OI-associated causes of death (test of trend in proportion of deaths due to each cause over the therapeutic eras using Mantel-Haenszel χ2 test for linear trend with continuity correction).