Table 2.
Intermittent Preventive Treatment During Pregnancy (IPTp) Does Not Predict Reduced Risk of Poor Delivery Outcomes
| Outcome | No. of subjects (no. of subjects with event) | Effect size, OR (95% CI) | Pa | Adjusted effect size, OR (95% CI) | Pa |
| Placental malaria (n = 826) | |||||
| No IPTp | 108 (17) | Reference | Reference | ||
| IPTp | 718 (88) | 0.75 (0.43–1.31) | .31 | 0.93 (0.51–1.72) | .83 |
| Early | 607 (78) | 0.79 (0.45–1.40) | 0.99 (0.53–1.83) | ||
| Recent | 111 (10) | 0.53 (0.23–1.22) | 0.64 (0.27–1.55) | ||
| Maternal Hgb (n = 676)b | |||||
| No IPTp | 11.0 g/dL (4.0) | Reference | Reference | ||
| IPTp | 11.3 g/dL (3.9) | 0.2 g/dL (−0.6 to 1.1) | .61 | 0.1 g/dL (−0.9 to 1.0) | .92 |
| Early | 11.3 g/dL (3.9) | 0.3 g/dL (−0.6 to 1.2) | 0.1 g/dL (−0.8 to 1.1) | ||
| Recent | 10.8 g/dL (3.9) | −0.2 g/dL (−1.3 to 0.9) | −0.5 g/dL (−1.6 to 0.7) | ||
| Maternal anemia (n = 676) | |||||
| No IPTp | 97 (53) | Reference | Reference | ||
| IPTp | 579 (301) | 0.90 (0.58–1.39) | .63 | 0.99 (0.63–1.56) | .98 |
| Early | 489 (251) | 0.88 (0.57–1.36) | 0.96 (0.61–1.52) | ||
| Recent | 90 (50) | 1.04 (0.58–1.85) | 1.19 (0.66–2.16) | ||
| Birth weight (n = 826) | |||||
| No IPTp | 3210 g (497) | Reference | Reference | ||
| IPTp | 3198 g (423) | −12 g (−111 to 87) | .81 | −50g (−143 to 42) | .29 |
| Early | 3195 g (425) | −15 g (−114 to 85) | −52g (−145 to 42) | ||
| Recent | 3213 g (417) | 3 g (−119 to 125) | −42g (−160 to 75) | ||
| Low birth weight (n = 826) | |||||
| No IPTp | 108 (8) | Reference | Reference | ||
| IPTp | 718 (29) | 0.53 (0.23–1.19) | .12 | 0.71 (0.33–1.54) | .39 |
| Early | 607 (28) | 0.60 (0.27–1.37) | 0.82 (0.38–1.78) | ||
| Recent | 111 (1) | 0.11 (0.01–0.93) | 0.16 (0.02–1.23) | ||
| Cord Hgb (n = 685)b | |||||
| No IPTp | 14.3 g/dL (2.7) | Reference | Reference | ||
| IPTp | 13.6 g/dL (3.5) | −0.7 g/dL (−1.3 to −0.1) | .03 | −1.2 g/dL (−1.7 to −0.5) | <.001 |
| Early | 13.6 g/dL (4.5) | −0.7 g/dL (−1.3 to −0.1) | −1.2 g/dL (−1.8 to −0.5) | ||
| Recent | 13.7 g/dL (3.2) | −0.6 g/dL (−1.5 to 0.2) | −1.2 g/dL (−2.0 to −0.4) | ||
| Fetal anemia (n = 685) | |||||
| No IPTp | 96 (23) | Reference | Reference | ||
| IPTp | 589 (186) | 1.47 (0.89–2.42) | .14 | 1.91 (1.14–3.19) | .01 |
| Early | 495 (163) | 1.45 (0.94–3.58) | 2.01 (1.20–3.38) | ||
| Recent | 94 (23) | 1.03 (0.53–2.00) | 1.40 (0.71–2.78) |
NOTE. Boldface type indicates statistical significance. CI, confidence interval; Hgb, hemoglobin level; OR, odds ratio; SD, standard deviation.
a
P values reflect difference between no IPTp and any IPTp.
b
Values are mean (standard deviation).