Table 4.
Early Care and Education Financing and Costs
| Country | Public ECEC Spending, % of GDP | Public Spending Per Child | Net Childcare Costs, % of Family Income | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0-2 Year Olds | 3-5 Year Olds | Dual-Earners | Sole Parents | ||
| Austria | 15% | 17% | |||
| Belgium | 0.79% | $2333 | $4698 | 4 | 4 |
| Canada | 4052 | 22 | 30 | ||
| Denmark | 1.17 | 6376 | 3743 | 8 | 9 |
| Finland | 0.94 | 7118 | 2420 | 7 | 7 |
| France | 1.00 | 2858 | 4679 | 11 | 10 |
| Germany | 0.38 | 860 | 3538 | 8 | 8 |
| Greece | 5 | 5 | |||
| Iceland | 1.18 | 5733 | 4589 | 15 | 11 |
| Ireland | 29 | 45 | |||
| Italy | 0.61 | 1558 | 4626 | ||
| Netherlands | 0.47 | 1092 | 5881 | 12 | 9 |
| Norway | 0.77 | 6425 | 4127 | 8 | -2 |
| Portugal | 0.40 | 3293 | 4 | 4 | |
| Sweden | 0.98 | 5928 | 3627 | 6 | 6 |
| Switzerland | 0.23 | 1129 | 2515 | 30 | 18 |
| United Kingdom | 0.58 | 3563 | 4255 | 33 | 23 |
| United States | 0.35 | 794 | 4660 | 19 | 37 |
Notes: The first column shows public ECEC spending on 0-5 year olds. Public spending per child is in U.S. dollars for 2005, adjusted for purchasing power parity. Net child care costs refer to 2004 for full-time formal care of children aged 2 or 3; and are defined as total fees minus cash benefits, rebates and tax concessions measured as a percentage of family income. Dual-earner (sole-parent) families are assumed to receive 167% (100%) of average wage.
Sources: OECD Family Database (www.oecd.org/els/social/family/database; Benefits and Wages 2007: OECD Indicators (Paris: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2007).