Table 1.
Demographic, clinical and laboratory values in 799 MHD patients according to race and ethnicity
| Variables | All patients (n = 799) | Race |
p values |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| African Americans (n = 279) | Whites |
unadjusted | case-mix-adjusteda | |||
| Hispanics (n = 457) | non-Hispanics (n = 63) | |||||
| Age, years | 54±15 | 55±15 | 52±15 | 59±16 | <0.01 | |
| Women, % | 47 | 51 | 45 | 49 | 0.33 | |
| Diabetes mellitus, % | 53 | 47 | 57 | 57 | 0.02 | |
| Primary insurance: % Medicare | 51 | 57 | 49 | 41 | 0.04 | |
| Marital status: % married | 46 | 35 | 52 | 49 | <0.01 | |
| Charlson comorbidity index score | 1.9±1.6 | 1.9 + 1.7 | 1.8±1.6 | 2.1±1.5 | 0.28 | |
| Body composition: | ||||||
| BMI | 26.5±6.1 | 27.3±6.7 | 25.9±5.5 | 27.0±6.0 | 0.01 | <0.01 |
| Triceps skinfold, mm | 17.5±9.9 | 19.1±11.6 | 16.4±8.8 | 18.3±9.8 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
| Biceps skinfold, mm | 9.8±7.8 | 11.4±8.9 | 9.0±7.1 | 10.3±6.5 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
| MAMC, cm | 30.8±5.7 | 32.4±5.9 | 29.7±5.2 | 32.0±5.7 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
| NIR body fat, % | 26.6±10.9 | 26.5±12.1 | 26.2±10.5 | 29.3±11.0 | 0.13 | 0.46 |
| NIR lean body mass, kg | 53.6±22.0 | 59.0±33.0 | 50.4±24 | 50.4±27 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
| Hemodialysis treatment | ||||||
| Dialysis vintage, months | 28±26 | 33±29 | 26±25 | 20±22 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
| Dialysis dose, Kt/V (sp)b | 1.6±0.3 | 1.53±0.27 | 1.64±0.31 | 1.55±0.31 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
| Erythropoietin, 103 U/week | 14.5±12.5 | 17.1±13.5 | 14.9±12.4 | 13.6±16.8 | 0.28 | 0.21 |
| Biochemical measurementsb | ||||||
| Serum albumin, mg/dl | 3.90±0.41 | 3.84±0.32 | 3.95±0.42 | 3.84±0.41 | 0.11 | 0.33 |
| Prealbumin, mg/dl | 27.9±9.6 | 28.9±9.2 | 27.8±9.9 | 24.8±7.9 | 0.01 | 0.02 |
| Total homocysteine, μmol/l | 23.9±11.2 | 26.6±13.4 | 22.8±9.7 | 20.2±6.7 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
| Creatinine, mg/dl | 10.2±3.3 | 11.3 + 3.3 | 9.6±3.1 | 8.8±3.1 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
| Calcium, mg/dl | 9.3±0.7 | 9.5±0.7 | 9.2±0.6 | 9.3±0.5 | 0.19 | <0.01 |
| Phosphorus, mg/dl | 5.8±1.5 | 5.9±1.5 | 5.7±1.5 | 5.9±1.7 | 0.83 | 0.88 |
| Bicarbonate, mEq/1 | 22.2±2.9 | 22.8±2.9 | 22.0±2.9 | 21.6±2.6 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
| TIBC, mg/dl | 207±40 | 203±39 | 207±40 | 223 ± 44 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
| Iron, mg/dl | 65±26 | 59±23 | 69±27 | 65±31 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
| CRP, mg/1 | 5.9±7.1 | 6.5±7.9 | 5.3±6.4 | 7.8±7.9 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
| IL-6, pg/ml | 18.8±52.2 | 11.7±12.4 | 12.0±14.8 | 13.7±15.1 | 0.62 | 0.60 |
| TNF-α, pg/ml | 8.7±12.1 | 10.0±16.8 | 7.8±8.2 | 9.5±10.2 | 0.05 | 0.04 |
| Blood hemoglobin, g/dlb | 12.0±1.0 | 12.0±1.0 | 12.1±1.0 | 11.9+ 1.0 | 0.12 | 0.30 |
| Lymphocyte, % | 22.8±8.0 | 24.1±8.3 | 22.7±7.5 | 17.3±7.1 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
p values are based on ANOVA. NIR = Near-infrared; TIBC = total iron-binding capacity.
a
Case-mix = Age, gender, diabetes and vintage.
b
Serum and blood values were obtained immediately predialysis except for serum urea which was obtained pre- and postdi-alysis.