Figure 1.

Isolation of protoplasts from rice green tissue. A, A representative healthy 8-day-old rice seedling used for protoplast isolation. Scale bar = 1 cm. B, Red markers indicate the optimal sections of seedlings (stem and sheath) yielding protoplasts. C, Cut strips were treated with 0.6 M mannitol followed by enzymatic digestion. D, Image of protoplasts obtained using a Nikon digital camera under an Olympus microscope with a 40× objective. Scale bar = 10 μm.