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. 2011 Oct 27;6(10):e25637. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025637

Figure 6. Anti-inflammatory effects of oleanolic acid.

Figure 6

Oleanolic acid (panel A), a natural GP-BAR1 agonist, exerts anti-inflammatory activity and protects against colitis development in wild type mice. Panel B. Oleanolic acid increases [cAMP]i in RAW cells in a concentration-dependent manner. N = 4; *P<0.05 versus basal. Panel C. Oleanolic acid reduces TNFα release from murine macrophages exposed to LPS. N = 4. *P<0.05; **P<0.05 versus LPS alone. Panel D–F. Oleanolic acid dose-dependently attenuates sign and symptoms of colitis induced by TNBS in wild type mice. N = 5 per group. *P<0.05 versus naive: ** P<0.05 versus TNBS alone. Panel G–I. Oleanolic acid treatment leads to a significant reduction in the colonic expression of inflammatory mediators including TNF-α and IL-6. *P<0.05 versus naive: ** P<0.05 versus TNBS alone.