Table 4. Modulation in expression of proteins in paromomycin -susceptible (AG83 WT) and -resistant (PRr) Leishmania donovani.

Cellular Function	Proteins modulated in the Paromomycin resistant strain
Intracellular Survival, Processing and Virulence	14-3-3 protein, LPG biosynthetic protein and IgE dependent histamine release factor were found to be upregulated. Prohibitin was found to be downregulated.
Vesicle trafficking	Proteins involved in vesicle trafficking, fusion and endocytosis like vesicle fusing ATPase and vacuolar ATP synthase were found to be upregulated.
Translation	Ribosomal proteins were found to be upregulated in the PR resistant strain. This may be because PR is known to inhibit translation in E. coli
Chaperones/stress proteins	Heat shock proteins and chaperonins were found to be upregulated. HSPs protect cell from toxic external stimuli and have been implicated in drug resistance.
Metabolism	Proteins involved in glycolysis were seen to be upregulated