Figure 5.

Induction of prolonged activation of p47 protein kinase and cell death by treatment with calyculin A. A, Tobacco line XD6S cells were treated with 1 μm calyculin A (CA). After incubation for various periods of time, cells were harvested and crude extracts were prepared for the in-gel kinase assay, as described in Methods. B, Tobacco line XD6S cells were treated with TvX at 1 μg mL⁻¹ or with 1 μm calyculin A. After incubation for 24 h, cell death was monitored by staining with Evans blue, as described in Methods. Data are expressed as the means ± sd of three experiments.