Table 3.
Risk of bladder cancer by product type among females in northern New England*
| Semi-Permanent | Permanent | Dark Permanent | Exclusive Permanent | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ca/Co | OR** (95% CI) | Ca/Co | OR** (95% CI) | Ca/Co | OR** (95% CI) | Ca/Co | OR** (95% CI) | |
| Color | ||||||||
| Blonde | 18/27 | 0.8 (0.4, 1.5) | 47/56 | 0.8 (0.5, 1.3) | 2/3 | -- | 37/41 | 0.9 (0.5, 1.6) |
| Red | 11/22 | 0.6 (0.2, 1.4) | 14/34 | 0.4 (0.2, 0.9) | 14/34 | 0.4 (0.2, 0.9) | 11/22 | 0.5 (0.2, 1.2) |
| Brown | 24/39 | 0.6 (0.3, 1.2) | 28/41 | 0.7 (0.4, 1.3) | 27/40 | 0.7 (0.4, 1.4) | 20/29 | 0.8 (0.4, 1.5) |
| Black | 4/5 | -- | 2/7 | -- | 2/7 | -- | 1/6 | -- |
| Depth of color | ||||||||
| Light Blonde | 14/14 | 1.2 (0.5, 2.9) | 33/43 | 0.7 (0.4, 1.3) | 2/2 | -- | 28/32 | 0.9 (0.5, 1.6) |
| M/D Bl, L Br/R | 16/30 | 0.6 (0.3, 1.2) | 23/34 | 0.7 (0.4, 1.3) | 9/21 | 0.5 (0.2, 1.1) | 13/25 | 0.5 (0.2, 1.1) |
| M/D Brwn/Red | 23/44 | 0.5 (0.3, 1.0) | 33/54 | 0.7 (0.4, 1.1) | 32/54 | 0.6 (0.4, 1.1) | 27/35 | 0.9 (0.5, 1.6) |
| Black | 4/5 | -- | 2/7 | -- | 2/7 | -- | 1/7 | -- |
| Age at first use | ||||||||
| ≤30 | 24/28 | 0.8 (0.4, 1.6) | 45/58 | 0.7 (0.4, 1.3) | 17/34 | 0.5 (0.3, 1.0) | 33/38 | 0.8 (0.4, 1.5) |
| >30–45 | 22/36 | 0.7 (0.4, 1.4) | 35/56 | 0.7 (0.3, 1.1) | 20/35 | 0.7 (0.4, 1.3) | 27/41 | 0.7 (0.4, 1.3) |
| >45 | 14/32 | 0.5 (0.2, 1.0) | 14/26 | 0.6 (0.3, 1.2) | 8/15 | 0.6 (0.2, 1.4) | 12/21 | 0.7 (0.3, 1.5) |
| Year first used | ||||||||
| < 1980 | 36/41 | 0.8 (0.5, 1.5) | 60/86 | 0.6 (0.4, 1.0) | 23/49 | 0.5 (0.3, 0.8) | 45/61 | 0.7 (0.4, 1.1) |
| ≥ 1980 | 24/55 | 0.5 (0.3, 1.0) | 34/54 | 0.8 (0.4, 1.5) | 22/35 | 0.9 (0.4, 1.8) | 27/39 | 0.9 (0.5, 1.7) |
| Duration of use | ||||||||
| <10 | 27/4 | 0.8 (0.4, 1.4) | 37/41 | 1.0 (0.5, 1.8) | 21/25 | 1.1 (0.5, 2.3) | 31/31 | 1.1 (0.6, 2.1) |
| 10–19 | 13/30 | 0.5 (0.2, 1.1) | 15/42 | 0.3 (0.2, 0.7) | 7/23 | 0.3 (0.1, 0.8) | 10/30 | 0.3 (0.1, 0.7) |
| 20–29 | 11/10 | 1.2 (0.4, 3.1) | 13/29 | 0.4 (0.2, 0.9) | 3/18 | 0.2 (0.1, 0.6) | 10/21 | 0.4 (0.2, 1.0) |
| 30+ | 9/15 | 0.5 (0.2, 1.4) | 29/27 | 1.1 (0.6, 2.1) | 14/18 | 0.8 (0.4, 1.7) | 21/17 | 1.4 (0.7, 2.8) |
| Lifetime applications | ||||||||
| <50 | 21/33 | 0.7 (0.4, 1.4) | 28/29 | 1.3 (0.7, 2.6) | 20/20 | 1.4 (0.6, 3.1) | 23/22 | 1.5 (0.7, 3.3) |
| 50–99 | 8/19 | 0.5 (0.2, 1.4) | 15/28 | 0.6 (0.3, 1.3) | 7/15 | 0.6 (0.2, 1.7) | 11/20 | 0.6 (0.3, 1.4) |
| 100–199 | 13/18 | 0.6 (0.3, 1.4) | 14/29 | 0.4 (0.2, 0.8) | 3/19 | 0.1 (0.04, 0.5) | 8/23 | 0.3 (0.1, 0.7) |
| 200+ | 15/21 | 0.8 (0.4, 1.8) | 28/42 | 0.7 (0.4, 1.2) | 14/29 | 0.5 (0.2, 1.0) | 22/26 | 0.9 (0.4, 1.7) |
*
Never users of hair dye are the referent category for each run.
**
Adjusted for age, race, state, and smoking.