Table 2.

Association of Patient Parameters With New Resistance Detection During Low-Level Viremia (Includes Only Patients With Genotype Available Pretreatment and During Low-Level Viremia)

		Total(N = 54)	No new resistance (N = 34)	New resistance (N = 20)	P value
Age (years)	Median	38	38.5	37.5	.40*
	10%, 90%	31, 50	31, 50	26.0, 47.5
Sex	Male	46 (85%)	30 (88%)	16 (80%)	.45**
	Female	8 (15%)	4 (12%)	4 (20%)
Race/ethnicity	White non-Hispanic	18 (33%)	13 (38%)	5 (25%)	.007**
	Black non-Hispanic	21 (39%)	8 (24%)	13 (65%)
	Hispanic (regardless of race)	15 (28%)	13 (38%)	2 (10%)
Pretreatment VL (log10 copies/mL)	Median	5.07	5.17	4.84	.09*
	10%, 90%	4.22, 6.05	4.52, 6.05	4.13, 5.98
Pretreatment CD4 count (cells/mm3)	Median	126	121	172	.44*
	10%, 90%	16, 327	22, 295	15, 350
Length of low-level viremia (weeks)	Median	32	33	27	.19*
	10%, 90%	23, 56	24, 56	23, 45
First week of low-level viremia (week on study)	Median	40	33	49	.19*
	10%, 90%	31, 97	30, 97	32, 104
Number of outliers ≤50 copies/mL in low-level viremia	0	26 (48%)	11 (32%)	15 (75%)	.006**
	1	26 (48%)	21 (62%)	5 (25%)
	2	2 (4%)	2 (6%)	0 (0%)
Number of outliers ≥1000 copies/mL in low-level viremia	0	45 (83%)	32 (94%)	13 (65%)	.009**
	1	9 (17%)	2 (6%)	7 (35%)
ART discontinuation > 7 days during low-level viremia	No	50 (93%)	32 (94%)	18 (90%)	.62**
	Yes	4 (7%)	2 (6%)	2 (10%)
Adherence during low-level viremia	<100%	18 (33%)	9 (26%)	9 (45%)	.23**
	=100%	32 (59%)	23 (68%)	9 (45%)
	Unknown	4 (7%)	2 (6%)	2 (10%)
First VL during low-level viremia (copies/mL)	Median	113	90	181	.032*
	10%, 90%	59, 383	58, 297	67, 400
Minimum VL during low-level viremia (copies/mL)	Median	38	25	71	<.001*
	10%, 90%	25, 153	25, 72	25, 256
Maximum VL during low-level viremia (copies/mL)	Median	282	150	615	.001*
	10%, 90%	86, 1,476	80, 592	128, 7,589
Time adjusted area under the curve (copies/mL)	Median	80	68	143	<.001*
	10%, 90%	53, 480	52, 137	69, 931

NOTE. *Exact Wilcoxon Test.

**Fisher's Exact Test.