. 2010 May 12;49(9):1632–1644. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keq130

Table 2.

Presence, phenotype and function of Treg in arthritis

		Peripheral blood			SF
Disease	Markers used to identify Treg	Presence	Phenotype	Function	Presence	Phenotype	Function	Reference
JIA	CD4⁺CD25^high	↓	FOXP3 mRNA =	NA	↑⇑	FOXP3 mRNA ↑⇑ HLA-DR MFI, CTLA-4 MFI, GITR MFI CD69+⇑	⇑	[20]
JIA	CD4⁺CD25⁺^a CD4⁺CD25⁺CD27⁺^b	NA	NA	NA	⇑	FOXP3 mRNA⇑	⇑	[25]
RA	CD4⁺CD25^high	NA	NA	NA	⇑	NA	–	[21]
RA	CD4⁺CD25^high	=	NA	↓	NA	NA	NA	[22]
RA	CD4⁺FOXP3^high^a CD4⁺CD25⁺CD127^low^b	=	CTLA-4 MFI ↓	↓	NA	NA	NA	[23]
RA	CD4⁺CD25^high	Early active RA ↓ stable RA=	NA	=	⇑	NA	NA	[24]
RA	CD4⁺CD25⁺	↑	CD69+ HLA-DR+ OX40+ GITR+ = CTLA-4 MFI	=	↑⇑	CD69+ HLA-DR+, OX40+ GITR+, CTLA-4 MFI⇑	⇑	[26]
RA	CD4⁺CD25^high	NA	FOXP3 mRNA ↓ TNFRII+ GITR+↑ CD69+ =	↓	NA	NA	NA	[27]
RA	CD4⁺CD25⁺	=	NA	NA	⇑	CTLA-4+ GITR+, OX40+ CD69+↑⇑	–	[28]

^aUsed for phenotyping. ^bUsed for functional assays. ^cSuppressive, but functionality not compared with peripheral blood. = : not changed; ↑: increased; ↓ : decreased,compared with peripheral blood of healthy controls; ⇑: increased compared with paired peripheral blood of patients; NA: not analysed; MFI: Mean Fluorescence Index; + : percentage of positive cells.