Table 2.
Peripheral blood |
SF |
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Disease | Markers used to identify Treg | Presence | Phenotype | Function | Presence | Phenotype | Function | Reference |
JIA | CD4+CD25high | ↓ | FOXP3 mRNA = | NA | ↑⇑ | FOXP3 mRNA ↑⇑ HLA-DR MFI, CTLA-4 MFI, GITR MFI CD69+⇑ | ⇑ | [20] |
JIA | CD4+CD25+a CD4+CD25+CD27+b | NA | NA | NA | ⇑ | FOXP3 mRNA⇑ | ⇑ | [25] |
RA | CD4+CD25high | NA | NA | NA | ⇑ | NA | – | [21] |
RA | CD4+CD25high | = | NA | ↓ | NA | NA | NA | [22] |
RA | CD4+FOXP3higha CD4+CD25+CD127lowb | = | CTLA-4 MFI ↓ | ↓ | NA | NA | NA | [23] |
RA | CD4+CD25high | Early active RA ↓ stable RA= | NA | = | ⇑ | NA | NA | [24] |
RA | CD4+CD25+ | ↑ | CD69+ HLA-DR+ OX40+ GITR+ = CTLA-4 MFI | = | ↑⇑ | CD69+ HLA-DR+, OX40+ GITR+, CTLA-4 MFI⇑ | ⇑ | [26] |
RA | CD4+CD25high | NA | FOXP3 mRNA ↓ TNFRII+ GITR+↑ CD69+ = | ↓ | NA | NA | NA | [27] |
RA | CD4+CD25+ | = | NA | NA | ⇑ | CTLA-4+ GITR+, OX40+ CD69+↑⇑ | – | [28] |
aUsed for phenotyping. bUsed for functional assays. cSuppressive, but functionality not compared with peripheral blood. = : not changed; ↑: increased; ↓ : decreased,compared with peripheral blood of healthy controls; ⇑: increased compared with paired peripheral blood of patients; NA: not analysed; MFI: Mean Fluorescence Index; + : percentage of positive cells.