. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Nov 1.

Published in final edited form as: Psychol Med. 2009 Dec 17;40(11):1871–1878. doi: 10.1017/S0033291709992108

Table 3.

Standardized parameters from a cross-lagged path model of BPD temperamental and acute symptoms over 10 years.

	Temperamental		Acute

MSAD study interval	Stability	Cross-Lag	Stability	Cross-Lag
Baseline-2 years	.35	.13	.45	.20
2-4 years	.48	.17	.57	.23
4-6 years	.51	.10	.63	.29
6-8 years	.50	.13	.57	.23
8-10 years	.60	.09	.62	.16

Note. All coefficients were significantly > 0 at p < .05. Stability refers to paths within each symptom set, whereas Cross-Lag refers to prospective connections across symptom sets (e.g., Baseline Temperamental statistically predicting Year 2 Acute symptoms). The correlation between symptom sets in this model at baseline was .54; correlations between residuals within subsequent time interval were .64, .53, .46, .48, and .43 at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 years, respectively. Similar results were obtained when modeled without data from the first interval; this model was tested because baseline data were somewhat kurtotic and negatively skewed.