. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Dec 1.

Published in final edited form as: Infect Genet Evol. 2011 Jul 7;11(8):2125–2132. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2011.07.002

Table 2.

Substitution rates and times of most recent common ancestor (TMRCAs) of influenza A viral NP lineages^*

Lineage	Substitution rate (× 10⁻³) subs/site/year)			TMRCA (calendar year)
Lineage	Mean	95% HPD lower	95% HPD upper	Mean	95% HPD lower	95% HPD upper
A: Human	1.98	1.69	2.27	1906	1884	1918
B: Pandemic (H1N1) 2009	3.43	2.7	4.12	17-Dec-08	14-Jul-08	30-Mar-09
C: Classical Swine	2.29	1.99	2.58	1911	1888	1927
D: Eurasian avian	3.41	2.83	4.01	1920	1908	1927
E: Eurasian swine	2.8	2.4	3.21	1972	1963	1978
F: North American avian	2.25	1.95	2.53	1946	1932	1953
H: Equine	0.9	0.68	1.13	1947	1926	1959

Oceanian avian lineage (G): without enough sequences for reliable estimation of the parameters