Table 2. Characteristics of PARV4 IgG–positive and IgG–negative HIV-infected injection drug users, Finland*.
| Characteristic | IgG positive, n = 61 | IgG negative, n = 17 | p value† |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y, median (range) | 35 (17–61) | 31 (21–55) | 0.069 |
| Male sex |
44/61 (72) |
12/17 (71) |
1.000 |
| Main drug was amphetamine‡ | 38/61 (62) | 10/17 (59) | 0.786 |
| Duration of injection, y, median (range) | 10 (0–36) | 7 (0–30) | 0.259 |
| Duration of injection >10 y |
45/59 (76) |
7/17 (44) |
0.029
|
| History of imprisonment | 49/61 (80) | 9/17 (53) | 0.031 |
| Education <9 y |
52/59 (88) |
10/17 (59) |
0.011
|
| HCV antibody positive | 59/60 (98) | 14/15 (93) | 0.362 |
| HBsAg positive | 3/61 (5) | 3/17 (18) | 0.114 |
| HBc IgG positive | 46/60 (77) | 9/17 (56) | 0.124 |
| Used antiretroviral therapy§ | 29/61 (48) | 4/17 (24) | 0.099 |
| CD4 cell count/µL, median§ |
303 |
323 |
0.168 |
| Present situation | |||
| Unstable living conditions (no permanent address) | 35/59 (60) | 5/15 (33) | 0.088 |
| Employed‡ |
0/53 (0) |
3/16 (19) |
0.009
|
| Risk behavior | |||
| Loaned needles or syringes | 49/59 (83) | 9/16 (56) | 0.040 |
| Borrowed needles or syringes | 56/58 (97) | 15/16 (94) | 0.524 |
| Had sexually transmitted diseases | 37/57 (65) | 7/17 (41) | 0.097 |
| Had commercial sex |
18/61 (30) |
8/15 (53) |
0.127 |
| Risk behavior past 6 mo | |||
| Used drugs | 48/61 (79) | 8/17 (47) | 0.016 |
| Used injection drugs | 46/61 (75) | 8/17 (47) | 0.037 |
| Used condoms inconsistently | 25/61 (41) | 7/16 (44) | 1.000 |
| Had >2 sex partners | 16/61 (26) | 7/17 (41) | 0.244 |
*Values are no. positive/no. tested (%) unless otherwise indicated. PARV4, parvovirus 4; Ig, immunoglobulin; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antigen; HBc, hepatitis B core antigen; †By Fisher exact test or Mann-Whitney U test. Values in boldface are significant. ‡At the time of interview. §Closest to the sampling for PARV4 tests.