Table 2:
Annual Change in eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) (mean decrease = 2.41 mL/min/1.73m2) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
None | Antihypertensive Medication Use* | |||
Estimate | 95% CI | p-value | ||
Unadjusted | Referent | 0.31 | −0.26, 0.88 | p = 0.30 |
Traditional Multivariable Regression† | Referent | 0.14 | −0.34, 0.63 | p = 0.57 |
IPTW Alone † | Referent | 0.41 | −0.20, 1.02 | p = 0.19 |
IPTW-reduced Targeted MLE† | Referent | 0.88 | 0.13, 1.63 | p = 0.02 |
IPTW/IPCW †,‡ | Referent | 1.38 | −0.48, 3.24 | p = 0.15 |
IPTW/IPCW-reduced Targeted MLE†,‡ | Referent | 2.23 | −0.13, 4.59 | p = 0.06 |
Note all coefficients represent the mean annual change in kidney function associated with antihypertensive medication use compared with the mean annual change for someone on no medications
Potential confounders included age, gender, race, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, diabetes, eGFR-creatinine, cardiovascular disease, heart failure, education, income, smoking, alcohol consumption, BMI, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, insulin, C-reactive protein, frailty, cognitive function, disability, fracture, and cancer.
Potential predictors of censoring included cystatin C, antihypertensives, age, gender, race, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, heart failure, education, income, smoking, alcohol consumption, BMI, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, insulin, C-reactive protein, frailty, cognitive function, disability, fracture, and cancer.