Sprague Dawley Rats (a) or Long Evans rats (b,c) were systemically treated with saline or ethanol (a,b) or underwent an ethanol binge-drinking session (c) as described in Figs. 1 and 3, respectively. Phosphorylated PTPα was detected using anti-pY789[PTPα] antibodies (1:250). Protein levels of PTPα (1:500), Fyn (1:500) and GAPDH (1:25,000) were also measured. Images are representative of n=3 (saline), n=3 (ethanol) (a,b), n=2 (water), n=2 (ethanol) (c). Bar graphs summarize the averaged change in phosphorylated levels of PTPα in synaptosomal membranes. Band intensities of pY789[PTPα] were normalized to the level of GAPDH and plotted as percentage of saline (a,b) or water (c) controls. Results are expressed as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05 vs. control (one-tailed Student’s t-test).