Table 3.

Changes from Baseline in Secondary Outcomes^*

Factor	Pentoxifylline (N=23)	Placebo (N=26)	p-value*
Measurements of Insulin Resistance/Sensitivity
Acute Insulin Response to Glucose (AIRg)	−75.8 ± 77.6	58.1 ± 70.8	0.21
Disposition Index (DI)	−75.1 ± 142.4	86.2 ± 130.0	0.41
Insulin Sensitivity Index (SI)	0.09 ± 0.24	−0.05 ± 0.22	0.67
Glucose effectiveness(Sg)	0.0018 ± 0.001	0.0001 ± 0.001	0.36
Change in HOMA-IR	0.8 [−0.2, 3.7]	1.1 [−2.5, 1.7]	0.39
Measurement of Hepatocyte Apoptosis
Change in TUNEL(+) cells/hpf	−0.3 [−1.7, 0.5]	−0.2 [−1.0, 0.5]	0.54
Serum cytokines measurements
Change in TNFa	−0.1 ± 0.9	0.2 ± 1.5	0.38
Change in adiponectin	0.1 [−1.1, 0.8]	−0.0 [−1.0, 0.2]	0.60

Data presented as Mean +/−SD, Median [25th, 75th percentiles] or N (%).

^*Changes in AIRg, DI, SI, and Sg were available for 45 subjects; HOMA and C-peptide for 47; Change in TUNEL was available for 36;and TNFa and adiponectin for 46. AIRg, DI, SI and Sg were adjusted for baseline values. P-values were calculated using t-tests or Wilcoxon rank sum tests were indicated.