Table 3.
All arbitrary-set groups | Non-racial groupsa | Gender or racial/ethnic groups
|
|||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
All | U.S. studies | Non-U.S. studies | |||
Gender Comparison | |||||
k of studies | 169 | 84 | 85 | ||
Observed range (min, max) | −0.42, 1.70 | 0.00, 1.70 | −0.42, 1.11 | ||
Mean d+ (95% CI) | 0.43 (0.39, 0.47) | 0.51 (0.46, 0.57) | 0.36 (0.30, 0.41) | ||
Homogeneity I2 (95% CI) | 65.74 (59.74, 70.84) | 58.01 (46.53, 67.03) | 60.83 (50.40, 69.06) | ||
Arbitrary Group Comparison | |||||
k of studies | 80 | 24 | 56 | 37 | 19 |
Observed range (min, max) | −0.76, 1.06 | −0.76, 1.06 | −0.71, 0.95 | −0.57, 0.95 | −0.71, 0.45 |
Mean d+ (95% CI) | 0.15 (0.06, 0.25) | 0.15 (−0.02, 0.33) | 0.15 (0.05, 0.26) | 0.26 (0.13, 0.39) | −0.04 (−0.23, 0.15) |
Homogeneity I2 (95% CI) | 91.77 (90.37, 92.96) | 93.03 (90.82, 94.70) | 91.22 (89.37, 92.75) | 89.75 (86.88, 91.99) | 86.32 (80.03, 90.63) |
Note. Tabled are weighted mean effect sizes using random-effects assumptions to compare dominant and subordinate groups’ social dominance orientation levels (d+) and to generate weighted mean values on the social dominance orientation scale, which may range from 1 to 7. CI = Confidence interval. I2 = Homogeneity statistic based on the fixed-effects model due to its unstable estimate in the random-effects model; the hypothesis of homogeneity is rejected when the 95% CI does not include zero.
Non-racial groups included groups classified based in academic major, educational level, job type, language, and political party affiliation or identification.