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. 2011 Nov 1;85(5):924–930. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.11-0134

Table 1.

Characteristics of 153 scrub typhus patients according to the APACHE II score*

Variable Total APACHE II < 10 APACHE II ≥ 10 P
(N = 153) (N = 121) (N = 32)
Age, median (IQR), year 63 (49–71) 59 (46–69) 73 (65–83) < 0.001
Male sex 63/153 (41.2) 52/121 (43.0) 11/32 (34.4) 0.381
Underlying diseases 55/153 (35.9) 31/121 (28.1) 21/32 (65.6) < 0.001
Diabetes mellitus 13/153 (8.5) 4/121 (3.3) 9/32 (28.1) < 0.001
Hypertension 33/153 (21.6) 18/121 (14.9) 15/32 (46.9) < 0.001
Others 23/153 (15.0) 11/121 (9.1) 12/32 (37.5) < 0.001
Antibiotic delay, days
Any Sx§ to antibiotics 7 (4–9) 7 (5–9) 6 (3–10) 0.362
Fever from antibiotics 6 (4–8) 6 (4–8) 5 (3–10) 0.733
Rash from antibiotics 3 (1–5) 3 (1–5) 3 (1–4) 0.337
Location of eschar, trunk 94/151 (61.4) 70/119 (58.8) 24/32 (75.0) 0.449
Visit without diagnosis 110/153 (71.9) 93/121 (76.9) 17/32 (53.1) 0.01
Genotypes
Boryong 105/153 (68.6) 82/121 (67.8) 23/32 (71.9) 0.656
Taguchi + Kanda/Kawasaki 44/153 (28.6) 37/121 (30.6) 7/32 (21.9) 0.336
Serum OPN > 100 ng/mL 55/146 (35.9) 34/114 (29.8) 21/32 (65.6) < 0.001
Laboratory values
WBC, > 10K or < 4 K/mm3 57/153 (37.3) 43/121 (35.5) 14/32 (43.8) 0.394
Hemoglobin ≤ 10 g/dL 8/153 (5.2) 1/121 (0.8) 7/32 (21.9) 0.001
Platelet ≤ 100 K/mm3 37/153 (24.2) 24/121 (19.8) 13/32 (40.6) 0.017
AST > 40 IU/L 127/153 (83.0) 97/121 (80.2) 30/32 (93.8) 0.087
ALT > 40 IU/L 114/153 (74.5) 87/121 (71.9) 27/32 (84.4) 0.157
Serum albumin ≤ 3.0 g/dL 34/153 (22.2) 19/121 (15.7) 15/32 (46.9) < 0.001
CRP > 10 mg/dL 39/140 (27.9) 23/109 (21.1) 16/31 (51.6) 0.001
Potassium ≤ 3.5 mmol/L 35/153 (22.9) 24/121 (19.8) 11/32 (34.4) 0.086
LDH > 800 IU/L 36/140 (25.7) 26/108 (24.1) 10/32 (31.3) 0.416
Serum Cr > 2.0 mg/dL 3/153 (2.0) 1/121 (0.8) 2/32 (6.3) 0.095
ESR > 20 mm/hr 55/128 (43.0) 42/99 (42.4) 13/29 (44.8) 0.818
*

IQR = interquartile range; OPN = serum osteopontin; WBC = white blood cell; AST = aspartate aminotransferase; ALT = alanine aminotransferase; CRP = C-reactive protein; LDH = lactate dehydrogenase; ESR = erythrocyte sedimentation rate.

“Others” indicates a group of less frequent chronic diseases including congestive heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, chronic liver disease, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Indicates the time between the appearance of scrub typhus-related clinical manifestations and the administration of appropriate antibiotics.

§

“Any Sx” indicates any kind of scrub typhus-related clinical manifestation.

Patients who visited the hospitals by themselves or who were referred from primary hospitals without initial clinical suspicion of scrub typhus.