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The geometric orthogonality concept. Hypothetical separation of 100 analytes in a 10 × 10 normalized separation space. (A) Nonorthogonal system, 10% area coverage represents 0% orthogonality. (B) Hypothetical ordered system, full area coverage. (C) Random, ideally orthogonal, system, area coverage is 63% representing the 100% orthogonality. From ref. [73].
