Table 1.
General clinical characteristics of the study population stratified by tertiles of serum osteoprotegerin
| Characteristic, Mean (±SD) or n (%) | Tertile 1 (1.21 to 5.03 pmol/L), n = 117 | Tertile 2 (5.05 to 7.45 pmol/L), n = 117 | Tertile 3 (7.46 to 22.31 pmol/L), n = 117 | Pa |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| age (years) | 56.4 (±11.6) | 60.2 (±9.3) | 63.6 (±9.1) | <0.01 |
| female gender | 29 (24.8) | 31 (26.5) | 47 (40.2) | 0.02 |
| black race | 56 (47.9) | 70 (59.8) | 73 (62.4) | 0.06 |
| Comorbid conditions | ||||
| diabetes | 44 (37.6) | 66 (56.4) | 73 (62.4) | <0.01 |
| cardiovascular disease | 26 (22.2) | 44 (37.6) | 53 (45.3) | <0.01 |
| hypertension | 99 (84.6) | 99 (84.6) | 110 (94.0) | 0.04 |
| current/former smoker | 52 (44.4) | 65 (55.6) | 69 (59.0) | 0.07 |
| Examination | ||||
| body mass index (kg/m2) | 31.7 (±7.0) | 31.9 (±7.2) | 30.9 (±6.2) | 0.54 |
| waist circumference (cm) | 107.5 (±17.1) | 107.8 (±17.3) | 105.2 (±16.9) | 0.44 |
| systolic BP (mmHg) | 124 (±21) | 131 (±21) | 136 (±21) | <0.01 |
| diastolic BP (mmHg) | 75 (±15) | 76 (±14) | 73 (±14) | 0.43 |
| aortic pulse wave velocity (m/s)b,c | 8.0 (7.0, 9.8) | 9.4 (7.9, 11.9) | 10.6 (9.0, 12.2) | <0.01 |
| Laboratory | ||||
| albuminuria | ||||
| <30 mg/day | 50 (52.1) | 40 (41.7) | 45 (45.0) | |
| 30 to 299 mg/day | 24 (25.0) | 31 (32.3) | 27 (27.0) | 0.62 |
| ≥300 mg/day | 22 (22.9) | 25 (26.0) | 28 (28.0) | |
| eGFR (ml/min per 1.73 m2) | 51.5 (±13.9) | 48.3 (±13.6) | 42.8 (±13.5) | <0.01 |
| serum albumin (g/dl) | 4.0 (±0.37) | 3.9 (±0.40) | 3.8 (±0.36) | <0.01 |
| hs-CRP (mg/L)b | 2.2 (1.0, 6.1) | 2.5 (0.9, 5.5) | 2.4 (1.0, 6.8) | 0.63 |
| Medications | ||||
| ACE inhibitors | 61 (52.6) | 57 (49.6) | 51 (44.0) | 0.41 |
| lipid-lowering medications | 62 (53.5) | 76 (66.1) | 73 (62.9) | 0.12 |
eGFR, estimated GFR; hs-CRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme.
a
P value using ANOVA (continuous variables) or Pearson's chi-squared test (categorical variables).
b
Values presented as median (interquartile range). P-values calculated from log-transformed variable.
c
Among n = 226 with concurrent pulse wave velocity available.