Table 4.
Multilevel model predicting compliance with individual measures
| Variables | ≥8 Cystoscopy OR (95% CI) |
≥8 Cytology OR (95% CI) |
≥2 Imaging OR (95% CI) |
≥1 Perioperative Mitomycin C OR (95% CI) |
≥6 Postoperative BCG OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age-group | |||||
| 66–69 | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) |
| 70–74 | 1.39 (0.86–2.25) | 0.94 (0.56–1.56) | 1.02 (0.83–1.26) | 1.35 (0.72–2.50) | 0.94 (0.73–1.21) |
| 75–79 | 1.04 (0.63–1.72) | 0.78 (0.45–1.33) | 0.97 (0.79–1.20) | 0.78 (0.40–1.53) | 0.78 (0.60–0.99)* |
| ≥80 | 0.89 (0.54–1.45) | 0.39 (0.23–0.68)* | 0.77 (0.63–0.94)* | 1.25 (0.67–2.33) | 0.52 (0.40–0.67)* |
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) |
| Female | 1.48 (1.03–2.11)* | 1.11 (0.70–1.75) | 0.94 (0.80–1.11) | 0.98 (0.58–1.65) | 1.00 (0.81–1.23) |
| Race | |||||
| White | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) |
| Black | 0.62 (0.18–2.16) | 1.58 (0.57–4.36) | 0.91 (0.60–1.40) | 0.24 (0.03–2.08) | 0.40 (0.21–0.77)* |
| Hispanic | 0.95 (0.35–2.55) | 0.58 (0.15–2.20) | 1.15 (0.77–1.72) | 0.53 (0.11–2.49) | 0.81 (0.48–1.37) |
| Other | 1.08 (0.49–2.38) | 0.44 (0.11–1.71) | 1.16 (0.81–1.67) | 2.78 (1.18–6.56)* | 1.06 (0.67–1.68) |
| Marital | |||||
| Not Married | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) |
| Married | 1.07 (0.76–1.50) | 1.37 (0.91–2.08) | 0.99 (0.86–1.15) | 1.30 (0.82–2.05) | 1.22 (1.02–1.47)* |
| Charlson Score | |||||
| 0 | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) |
| 1 | 0.85 (0.59–1.24) | 0.87 (0.56–1.37) | 1.19 (1.02–1.40)* | 1.14 (0.71–1.83) | 0.99 (0.81–1.21) |
| 2 | 0.48 (0.23–1.03) | 0.84 (0.40–1.74) | 1.41 (1.09–1.82)* | 1.42 (0.69–2.92) | 1.03 (0.75–1.42) |
| ≥3 | 0.15 (0.02–1.10) | 1.40 (0.51–3.88) | 1.39 (0.94–2.05) | 1.62 (0.56–4.67) | 0.74 (0.45–1.21) |
| ZIP code Education | |||||
| <15% | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) |
| 15%–25% | 1.24 (0.74–2.07) | 1.23 (0.68–2.21) | 1.13 (0.92–1.38) | 1.45 (0.77–2.71) | 1.03 (0.79–1.34) |
| 25%–35% | 1.15 (0.64–2.07) | 1.19 (0.58–2.45) | 0.99 (0.78–1.25) | 1.42 (0.68–2.96) | 0.99 (0.72–1.34) |
| >35% | 1.45 (0.79–2.67) | 2.64 (1.27–5.50)* | 0.94 (0.73–1.21) | 0.67 (0.29–1.55) | 1.21 (0.87–1.68) |
| ZIP code Income | |||||
| <$35,000 | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) |
| $35,000–$45,000 | 1.00 (0.57–1.75) | 0.81 (0.42–1.56) | 0.80 (0.64–1.01) | 0.72 (0.37–1.43) | 0.83 (0.62–1.10) |
| $45,000–$55,000 | 1.06 (0.59–1.90) | 0.82 (0.41–1.67) | 1.02 (0.80–1.29) | 0.89 (0.43–1.83) | 0.87 (0.64–1.18) |
| >$55,000 | 1.09 (0.57–2.06) | 0.54 (0.24–1.18) | 1.24 (0.95–1.62) | 1.16 (0.51–2.61) | 0.93 (0.66–1.31) |
| Region | |||||
| West | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) |
| Midwest | 0.87 (0.52–1.46) | 2.60 (1.31–5.16)* | 1.84 (1.47–2.30)* | 1.09 (0.55–2.16) | 0.79 (0.57–1.09) |
| South | 0.65 (0.33–1.30) | 1.31 (0.57–2.98) | 1.69 (1.31–2.19)* | 1.03 (0.44–2.40) | 1.60 (1.15–2.22)* |
| Northeast | 1.32 (0.85–2.05) | 1.81 (0.94–3.47) | 1.19 (0.97–1.46) | 0.42 (0.20–0.89)* | 1.48 (1.12–1.95)* |
| Year | |||||
| 1992–1997 | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) |
| 1998–2002 | 1.02 (0.73–1.42) | 0.72 (0.48–1.08) | 1.19 (1.03–1.37)* | 1.17 (0.75–1.83) | 1.67 (1.39–2.01)* |
| Surgeon Volume | |||||
| Low (<4) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) |
| Medium (4–11) | 1.00 (0.64–1.57) | 0.98 (0.55–1.74) | 0.82 (0.67–0.99)* | 2.65 (1.24–5.65)* | 0.83 (0.65–1.07) |
| High (≥12) | 0.97 (0.57–1.65) | 0.85 (0.42–1.71) | 0.73 (0.58–0.92)* | 2.95 (1.23–7.04)* | 0.86 (0.63–1.18) |
| Hospital Volume | |||||
| Low (<11) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) |
| Medium (11–25) | 0.81 (0.52–1.25) | 1.00 (0.57–1.75) | 1.11 (0.92–1.33) | 1.09 (0.59–2.01) | 1.00 (0.79–1.28) |
| High (>25) | 0.81 (0.50–1.31) | 0.82 (0.44–1.56) | 1.11 (0.89–1.37) | 1.23 (0.61–2.48) | 1.14 (0.86–1.51) |
| Institution Type | |||||
| Non-Academic Non-Cancer | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) |
| Academic Non-Cancer | 1.68 (1.11–2.54)* | 3.27 (1.88–5.70)* | 1.05 (0.87–1.28) | 1.16 (0.62–2.15) | 0.96 (0.74–1.25) |
| Academic Cancer | 1.80 (0.67–4.85) | 7.81 (2.60–23.53)* | 0.91 (0.55–1.49) | 2.28 (0.51–10.18) | 0.65 (0.33–1.29) |
| Unknown | 1.66 (0.90–3.06) | 1.28 (0.52–3.13) | 1.03 (0.76–1.39) | 1.99 (0.84–4.75) | 0.87 (0.59–1.28) |
| Grade | |||||
| Poorly Differentiated | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) |
| Undifferentiated | 1.32 (0.92–1.89) | 1.31 (0.83–2.06) | 1.12 (0.95–1.32) | 0.96 (0.58–1.57) | 1.49 (1.22–1.82)* |
| Stage | |||||
| Ta | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) |
| Tis | 1.36 (0.83–2.23) | 2.50 (1.41–4.43)* | 1.18 (0.94–1.49) | 0.55 (0.23–1.35) | 1.86 (1.39–2.48)* |
| T1 | 0.93 (0.67–1.28) | 0.94 (0.63–1.41) | 1.18 (1.03–1.36)* | 1.26 (0.83–1.91) | 2.03 (1.70–2.43)* |