Table 3.
Risk factors associated with increased odds of in-hospital mortality in elderly patients with bacteraemia (univariate analysis).
| Survived n = 105 |
Died n = 30 |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | (%)c | n | (%)d | OR | (95%CI) | P | |
| Gender: | |||||||
| Male | 55 | (52.4) | 18 | (60.0) | 1.0 (reference group) | ||
| Female | 50 | (47.6) | 12 | (40.0) | 0.733 | (0.321-1.673) | 0.460 |
| Age: | |||||||
| 65-74 yrs | 23 | (21.9) | 8 | (26.7) | 0.755 | (0.266-2.148) | 0.097 |
| 75-84 yrs | 54 | (51.4) | 9 | (30.0) | 0.326 | (0.120-0.883) | |
| ≥ 85 yrs | 28 | (26.7) | 13 | (43.3) | 1.0 (reference group) | ||
| Admission from: | |||||||
| Home | 74 | (70.5) | 21 | (70.0) | 0.977 | (0.403-2.372) | 0.960 |
| Nursing-home | 31 | (29.5) | 9 | (30.0) | 1.0 (reference group) | ||
| Bedridden state | 57 | (54.3) | 20 | (66.7) | 1.676 | (0.695-4.045) | 0.247 |
| Length of hospital stay | 13 | (7-22) | 12 | (40.0) | NA | NA | 0.760 |
| Previous Hospital admissions | 46 | (43.8) | 19 | (63.3) | 2.230 | (0.943-5.275) | 0.064 |
| Appropiate antibiotic therapy | 40 | (38.1) | 6 | (20.0) | 0.375 | (0.139-1.010) | 0.047 |
| Comorbidities: | |||||||
| Cardiovascular disease | 17 | (16.2) | 7 | (23.3) | 1.553 | (0.573-4.214) | 0.571 |
| Pulmonary disease | 15 | (14.3) | 5 | (16.7) | 1.181 | (0.389-3.578) | 0.774 |
| Chronic renal disease | 11 | (10.5) | 8 | (26.7) | 3.082 | (1.103-8.611) | 0.037 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 48 | (45.7) | 10 | (33.3) | 0.570 | (0.056-4.023) | 0.198 |
| Hypertension | 29 | (27.6) | 10 | (33.3) | 0.765 | (0.331-1.765) | 0.571 |
| Diabetes Mellitus | 32 | (30.5) | 8 | (26.7) | 0.810 | (0.324-2.024) | 0.651 |
| Dyslipidemia | 7 | (6.7) | 1 | (3.3) | 0.474 | (0.056-4.023) | 0.862 |
| Source of Infection | |||||||
| UTI | 48 | (45.7) | 13 | (43.3) | 0.908 | (0.401-2.057) | 0.817 |
| LRI | 41 | (39.0) | 7 | (23.3) | 0.475 | (0.187-1.207) | 0.113 |
| Skin ulcer infection | 13 | (12.4) | 4 | (13.3) | 0.462 | (0.127-1.679) | 1.000 |
| Bacteraemiaa | 3 | (2.9) | 4 | (13.3) | 1.071 | (0.321-3.575) | 0.045 |
| Miscellaneouse | 7 | (6.7) | 2 | (6.7) | 1.000 | (0.197-5.087) | 1.000 |
| Microorganism | |||||||
| MRSA | 13 | (12.4) | 8 | (26.7) | 2.549 | (0.937-6.940) | 0.085 |
| NMRSA | 15 | (14.3) | 5 | (16.7) | 1.181 | (0.389-3.578) | 0.774 |
| Enterococcus faecalia | 12 | (11.4) | 2 | (6.7) | 0.543 | (0.114-2.579) | 0.735 |
| E. coli | 23 | (21.9) | 3 | (10.0) | 0.386 | (0.107-1.393) | 0.135 |
| K. pneumoniae | 12 | (11.4) | 4 | (13.3) | 1.173 | (0.348-3.957) | 0.796 |
| P. aeruginosa | 4 | (3.8) | 4 | (13.3) | 3.840 | (0.897-16.438) | 0.075 |
| Physiologic presentation | |||||||
| Sepsis (SIRS + infection) | 72 | (68.6) | 21 | (70.0) | 1.240 | (0.376-4.086) | 1.000 |
| Functional status (ADL score ≥ 1) | 76 | (72.4) | 26 | (86.7) | 2.737 | (0.761-9.845) | 0.111 |
| Cognitive impairmentb | 49 | (46.7) | 22 | (73.3) | 3.207 | (1.256-8.188) | 0.012 |
| pO2 ≤ 59.65 mmHg | 25 | (23.8) | 11 | (36.7) | 4.730 | (1.361-16.444) | 0.010 |
| Albumin ≤ 3.05 g/dl | 26 | (24.8) | 13 | (43.3) | 2.615 | (1.072-6.380) | 0.031 |
| Temperature: | |||||||
| < 36°C | 4 | (3.8) | 5 | (16.7) | 1.0 (reference group) | ||
| 36-37.5°C | 43 | (41.0) | 15 | (50.0) | 0.279 | (0.066-1.178) | 0.016 |
| > 37.5aC | 53 | (50.5) | 9 | (30.0) | 0.136 | (0.031-0.604) | |
a Bacteraemia without an identifiable source of infection
b moderate to severe cognitive impairment defined as having a SPMSQ score > 4
c, d percentage calculated on the basis of the total number of survivors and deaths, respectively
e Including central nervous system, muscle and bone infection
CI = Confident interval, LRI- Lower respiratory infection, UTI- Urinary tract infection, SIRS- systemic inflammatory response syndrome, NA- not available