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. 2011 Nov 2;6(11):e27294. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027294

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Ni et al.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.

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ER stress markers including phosphorylated eIF2α (p-eIF2α), phosphorylated PERK (p-PERK), GRP78 and CHOP and apoptosis marker phosphorylated c-Jun (p-c-Jun), were examined in the heart samples from patients with heart failure. (A) ER stress was increased in heart transplant recipients’ failing hearts compared with normal heart. DCM, dilated cardiomyopathy. (B) p1-p9, heart samples of 9 patients undergoing mitral valve replacement; N1 and N2, normal human hearts. Proteins were normalized to β-actin. *P<0.05 vs. normal hearts.