Table 2.
Footshock delivery parameters used in cited studies
| Intensity & Duration | Frequency | Subjects | Drug & References |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.2 mA, 0.5 sec | FT2min, 15 shocks, 10 days | adult & adolescent male & female mice | Alcohol: Chester et al. (2008) |
| 0.2 mA, 0.2 sec | 10 shocks | adult male rats | Cocaine: Sanchez and Sorg (2001) |
| 0.6 mA, 0.1 sec | RR15, mean 50 shocks 25–35 days | adult male rats | Cocaine: Goeders and Guerin (1994) |
| 0.23–0.42 mA, 0.5 sec | VI40sec, 15 min session | adult male mice | Alcohol: Matthews et al. (2008) |
| 0.25 mA, 1 sec | 10 shocks in 10 min | adult male rats | Cocaine: Ramsey and Van Ree (1993) |
| 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 mA, 0.5 sec | VI40sec, 15 min session | adult male rats | Cocaine: Buffalari and See (2009) |
| 0.5 mA, 0.1 sec | 55–60s ITI, 5 shocks | adult male mice | Alcohol: Racz et al. (2003) |
| 0.5 mA, 0.5 sec | VI40sec, 10 min session | adult male rats | Alcohol: Dayas et al. (2004), Liu and Weiss (2002), Liu and Weiss (2003); Cocaine: Erb et al. (1996); Heroin: Shaham and Stewart (1994), Shaham et al. (1996, 1998) |
| 0.6 mA, 0.1 sec | VI74sec, 1 h, >35 days | adult male rats | Methamphetamine: Moffett and Goeders (2005) |
| 0.6 mA, train of 3 × 0.1 sec, 1 sec apart | VI45sec, 5 min session | adult male rats | Cocaine: Mantsch and Katz (2007) |
| 0.7 mA, max 0.8/8 seca | FT1min, 2 h, 20 days | adult male rats | Alcohol: Cicero et al. (1968) |
| 0.7 mA, max 3/15 seca | FT1min, 30 min, 38days | adult male rats | Alcohol: Opsahl and Hatton (1972) |
| 0.7 mA, 2.5 sec | 1/h or 6/h, 14 days | adult male rats | Alcohol: Myers and Holman (1967) |
| 0.8 mA, 0.5 sec | VI40sec, 5–20 min session | adult male rats or mice | Alcohol: Le et al. (1998, 2002)rats; Cocaine: Brown and Erb (2007) rats, Redila and Chav in (2008) mice |
| 0.8 mA, 1 sec | VI33sec, 10 min, 5 days | adult male rats | Alcohol: Funk et al. (2004) |
| 0.8 mA, 2 sec | FT1min, 1 h; 4 or 10 days | adult male rats | Alcohol: Fidler and LoLordo (1996), Volpicelli et al. (1986) |
| 0.8 mA, 5–15 sec | 5 min shock/10 min, 3 days | adult male rats | Alcohol: Vengeliene et al. (2003) |
| 0.8 mA, up to 30 sec | VI60sec, 50 trials, 3 days | adult male rats | Alcohol: Volpicelli and Ulm (1990) |
| 0.86 mA, 0.5 sec | VI40sec, 15 min | adult male rats | Cocaine: Ahmed and Koob (1997) |
| 1 mA, 0.5 sec | VI40sec, 15 min | adult male rats | Heroin: Ahmed et al. (2000) |
| 1 mA, 1 sec | VI30sec, 15 min | adult & adolescent male & female rats | Alcohol: Brunell and Spear (2005) |
| 1 mA, 2 sec | FT1min, 1 h, 5 days | adult male & female rats | Alcohol: Caplan and Puglisi (1986) |
| 1 mA, 5 sec | FT1min, 1 h | adult male rats | Alcohol: Volpicelli et al. (1990) |
| 1.5 mA, 1 sec | 12 min/h for 24 h, 15 days | adult male rats | Alcohol: Mills et al. (1977) Alcohol: Myers and Holman (1967) |
| 2.5 mA, up to 5 sec | 180/day, 3 days | adult male rats | Cocaine: MacLennan and Maier (1983) |
| 35 V, 1.5 sec | VI11.3min for 16 days | adult male rats | Alcohol: Casey (1960) |
| 40 V, 1 sec | 15 shocks in 15 min | adult male mice | Morphine: Kuzmin et al. (1996) |
a
Rats could terminate shock train by lever pressing, trains involved 0.2 sec shock on, 2 sec shock off for 8 or 15 sec total if shock not terminated by lever press.
FT, fixed time between shock presentations
RR, random ratio indicating average number of lever presses resulting in shock delivery
VI, variable interval between shock presentations, with time reported as mean inter-shock interval