Table 3a.
Medicare Advantage Payments and Rates of Ambulatory Care Sensitive and Elective Hospitalizations among Medicare Beneficiaries, 1999–2005
| Acute ACS | Chronic ACS | Elective | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ln(MA payment rate) | −5.64** (2.7) | −11.82*** (3.8) | −2.67 (4.3) |
| Low MA penetration (<16%) | −17.0 (12.5) | −33.31* (18.0) | 11.0 (15.5) |
| Low penetration × ln (MA payment rate) | 2.6 (1.9) | 5.07* (2.7) | −1.6 (2.4) |
| Black | −19.2 (29.1) | −9.0 (37.1) | −77.98** (36.6) |
| Hispanic | −59.8 (39.0) | −2.9 (50.6) | −147.96* (82.9) |
| Other race | −53.47*** (17.8) | 10.6 (30.9) | −5.1 (29.8) |
| Female | 233.20*** (76.5) | 167.85* (86.4) | −65.2 (65.5) |
| Medicaid | 58.63** (23.0) | 67.97*** (25.2) | 60.2 (43.4) |
| End-stage renal disease | 224.5 (258.2) | −58.8 (259.5) | 856.44** (357.9) |
| Age 75–85 | 34.6 (25.5) | 77.47** (33.2) | 99.19** (43.9) |
| Age 85+ | −6.8 (57.2) | 23.0 (83.8) | −9.3 (56.1) |
| Observations | 398 | 398 | 398 |
| F-Statistic | 13.10 | 25.69 | 32.60 |
Notes. Robust standard errors (95% confidence intervals) in parentheses.
*
Statistically significant at 10%.
**
5%.
***
1%. 398 county-year observations from 74 counties in Arizona, Florida, and New York, 1999–2005 with at least 10,000 Medicare beneficiaries and 3% MA penetration. Medicare Advantage payments expressed as the natural logarithm of the monthly per-enrollee MA county payment rate (U.S.$2005). Low penetration variable indicates counties with MA enrollment below 16%. Models control for county and year fixed effects.
ACS, ambulatory care sensitive.