FIGURE 1.

Characterization of the p97 interaction with human VIM proteins. A, sequence alignment of previously characterized human proteins with a proposed VIM. Strictly conserved amino acids are highlighted with a black background, and similar amino acids are shown with a gray background. The α-helix of gp78 is indicated as a cylinder above the sequences. Streptavidin pull-down assays (B) and biolayer interferometry (C) involving biotinylated VIM peptides and WT p97ND1 are shown. D, ITC studies of p97 variants with full-length SVIP and SVIP-R32A. E, GST pull-down assays of full-length SVIP, SVIP-R32A, and truncated versions interacting with p97ND1 at a 1:0.5 molar ratio.