Effect of topical CEES exposure on the expression of COX-2, COX-1 and iNOS in female and male SKH-1 hairless mouse skin. Female mice were treated topically with 2 mg (A) of CEES or acetone alone and male mice were treated with 2 mg (B) or 4 mg (C) of CEES or acetone alone. Dorsal skin tissue was collected at 9, 12, 24 and 48 h time points following CEES exposure and lysates were prepared. Western blot analysis was carried out to assess the expression of COX-1, COX-2 and iNOS using specific antibodies as described under Material and Methods. The membranes were then stripped and reprobed for β-actin as a loading control. Data are presented as fold increase in comparison with their respective vehicle controls and values of band intensities were adjusted with β-actin loading control (A–C). Data are representative of the results from randomly chosen two CEES exposed animals taken at each time point of the study for both male and female mice. UC, untreated control; VC, vehicle (acetone) control.