Table 4.
Raw Change-Score Values, Percent Change, and Effect Sizes for Fall-Risk Variables for Exercise Only (EO) Group, Divided into Low- and High-Falls-Efficacy Sub-groups
| Falls efficacy |
|||
|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Low; n=13 |
High; n=15 |
p-value for difference in change score |
| BBS | |||
| Change score; mean (SD) | 1.14 (2.88) | 1.17 (1.59) | 0.98 |
| % change | 4.16 | 3.70 | |
| Effect size | 0.50 | 0.51 | |
| TUGcog | |||
| Change score; mean (SD) | −0.30 (4.09) | −1.10 (1.53) | 0.53 |
| % change | 1.59 | 9.09 | |
| Effect size | 0.10 | 0.36 | |
| MCTSIB | |||
| Change score; mean (SD) | 14.90 (30.44) | 7.34 (14.53) | 0.44 |
| % change | 17.82 | 7.06 | |
| Effect size | 0.63 | 0.31 | |
| 6MWT | |||
| Change score; mean (SD) | 20.50 (53.93) | 7.58 (87.81) | 0.65 |
| % change | 6.59 | 1.84 | |
| Effect size | 0.30 | 0.11 | |
| Chair stands | |||
| Change score; mean (SD) | 0.86 (2.18) | 0.25 (.87) | 0.38 |
| % change | 16.23 | 2.84 | |
| Effect size | 0.52 | 0.15 | |
| ABC | |||
| Change score; mean (SD) | 4.63 (19.77) | −7.08 (21.61) | 0.16 |
| % change | 8.61 | −7.90 | |
| Effect size | 0.23 | −0.36 | |
Note: Positive change-score values indicate improvement on all measures except the TUGcog, where a negative value indicates improvement.
BBS=Berg Balance Scale; TUGcog=timed up-and-go test with cognitive subtraction test added; MCTSIB=Modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction and Balance; 6MWT=6-minute walk test; ABC=Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale.