TABLE 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Athletes With Amenorrhea, Athletes With Eumenorrhea, and Control Subjects
| Athletes With Amenorrhea (N = 21) | Athletes With Eumenorrhea (N = 18) | Control Subjects (N = 18) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean ± SD, y | 16.1 ± 1.5 | 15.6 ± 1.4 | 15.5 ± 1.4 | NS |
| Bone age, mean ± SD, y | 16.0 ± 1.0 | 16.0 ± 1.3 | 15.6 ± 1.6 | NS |
| BMI, mean ± SD, kg/m2 | 19.1 ± 1.3a,b | 21.9 ± 3.2 | 20.7 ± 2.5 | .003 |
| BMI z score, mean ± SD | –0.61 ± 0.29b | 0.16 ± 0.76 | –0.14 ± 0.57 | .0003 |
| Weight, mean ± SD, kg | 50.6 ± 4.3b | 58.1 ± 8.0 | 55.4 ± 7.0 | .003 |
| Height, mean ± SD, cm | 163.0 ± 5.8 | 163.0 ± 5.9 | 163.7 ± 5.6 | NS |
| Height z score, mean ± SD | 0.12 ± 0.89 | 0.14 ± 0.99 | 0.27 ± 0.90 | NS |
| Fat mass, mean ± SD, kg | 11.2 ± 2.7a,b | 16.2 ± 4.6 | 15.1 ± 5.3 | .001 |
| Lean mass, mean ± SD, kg | 39.2 ± 4.3 | 41.8 ± 5.3 | 39.7 ± 3.6 | NS |
| Activity score, mean ± SD | 23.8 ± 6.6a | 28.1 ± 10.3a | 9.9 ± 4.5 | <.0001 |
| IGF-I level, mean ± SD, ng/mL | 498.9 ± 210.1a | 612.2 ± 168.9 | 692.1 ± 208.9 | .02 |
| Age at menarche, mean ± SD, y | 12.9 ± 1.5 | 12.1 ± 0.8 | 12.2 ± 1.0 | .09 |
| Daily calcium intake, mean ± SD, mg | 1838 ± 995a,b | 839 ± 432 | 893 ± 326 | .0002 |
| Daily vitamin D intake, mean ± SD, μg | 7.94 ± 5.66a,b | 3.82 ± 2.69 | 4.40 ± 2.49 | .01 |
| Fractures, % | 23.8 | 5.3 | 16.7 | NS |
NS indicates not significant.
a
P < .05, compared with control subjects (Tukey-Kramer test to adjust for multiple comparisons).
b
P < .05, compared with athletes with eumenorrhea.