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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Circulation. 2011 Nov 1;124(18):1982–1993. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.039677

Figure 7.

Figure 7

The figure shows the informational flow which comprises the systems biology approach. Genetic loci provide targets for epigenomic, transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic investigations. Epidemiologic investigations identify risk factors. In turn, systems biology translates epidemiologic and genomic pathways, providing insight into electrical and structural substrates. Systems biology in turn may yield novel hypotheses for risk factors, target intermediate endophenotypes for genetic dissection, or elucidate novel up-stream targets for therapeutic intervention. HTN, hypertension; HF, heart failure; SDB, sleep disordered breathing; LA, left atrial.