TABLE 6.
HAZARD RATIOS FOR MORTALITY AND FOR INCIDENT MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND STROKE, PER 10-μg/m3 INCREMENT OF PM2.5 FOR THE CALIFORNIA TEACHERS STUDY COHORT BASED ON EXPOSURE DATA FROM 1999–2000
| Outcome | No. of Events | n | HR* (95% CI) |
| All-cause mortality | 4,147 | 73,489 | 1.02 (0.95, 1.09) |
| Cardiovascular mortality | 1,630 | 73,489 | 1.07 (0.96, 1.19) |
| NM respiratory mortality | 404 | 73,489 | 1.16 (0.94, 1.44) |
| Lung cancer mortality | 234 | 73,489 | 0.98 (0.73, 1.31) |
| IHD mortality | 773 | 73,489 | 1.17 (1.00, 1.37) |
| Cerebrovascular mortality | 382 | 73,489 | 1.17 (0.93, 1.46) |
| MI incidence | 722 | 72,403 | 0.99 (0.84, 1.17) |
| Stroke incidence | 969 | 72,230 | 1.15 (1.00, 1.33) |
Definition of abbreviations: CI = confidence interval; HR = hazard ratio; IHD = ischemic heart disease; MI = myocardial infarction; NM = nonmalignant; PM2.5 = particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter.
Models adjusted for age, race, smoking status, total pack-years, body mass index, marital status, alcohol consumption, second-hand smoke exposure at home, dietary fat, dietary fiber, dietary calories, physical activity, menopausal status, hormone therapy use, family history of MI or stroke, blood pressure medication, and aspirin use, and for contextual variables (income, income inequality, education, population size, racial composition, and unemployment). Exposure period, March 1999–February 2000; cohort follow-up period, March 2000–December 2005.